Lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid
Not to be confused with superfluidity or subcooling.
"Supercool" redirects here. For the band, see Supercool (band). For the film, see Supercool (film).
Supercooled water, still in liquid stateStart of solidification as a result of leaving the state of rest
Supercooling,[1] also known as undercooling,[2][3] is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid. It is achieved in the absence of a seed crystal or nucleus around which a crystal structure can form. The supercooling of water can be achieved without any special techniques other than chemical demineralization, down to −48.3 °C (−54.9 °F). Supercooled water can occur naturally, for example in the atmosphere, animals or plants.
^Gomes, Gabriel O.; H. Stanley, Eugene; Souza, Mariano de (2019-08-19). "Enhanced Grüneisen Parameter in Supercooled Water". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 12006. arXiv:1808.00536. Bibcode:2019NatSR...912006O. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48353-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6700159. PMID 31427698.
^Rathz, Tom. "Undercooling". NASA. Archived from the original on 2009-12-02. Retrieved 2010-01-12.
^Science Mission Directorate (April 23, 2001). "Look Ma — No Hands!: What is "Undercooling"?". NASA Science. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
supercooling of water can be achieved without any special techniques other than chemical demineralization, down to −48.3 °C (−54.9 °F). Supercooled water...
accidents by icing. Icing conditions exist when the air contains droplets of supercooled liquid water. They freeze on contact with a potential nucleation site...
released by the partial destruction of the previous interface, raising the supercooling point to be near or equal to the melting point. The melting point of...
that supercooling is involved. Several molecular dynamics simulations have also supported that changes in hydrogen bonding during supercooling take a...
vibration) to trigger this change, and supercooling (or superheating) may occur. Thermodynamically, the supercooled liquid is in the metastable state with...
{\displaystyle r_{c}} and promote nucleation, a supercooling or superheating process may be used. Supercooling is a phenomenon in which the system's temperature...
small drop size, the slow accretion of liquid water, a high degree of supercooling, and fast dissipation of latent heat of fusion. The opposite of these...
can also be produced by supercooling. The first slushies in the late 1950s and early 1960s were made by supercooling. Supercooled Sprite was briefly marketed...
K.; Wowk, B.; Fahy, G. M.; Barnes, B. M.; Duman, J. G. (2010). "Deep supercooling, vitrification and limited survival to −100°C in the Alaskan beetle Cucujus...
atomic-scale structure of glass shares characteristics of the structure of a supercooled liquid, glass exhibits all the mechanical properties of a solid. As in...
degrees below 0 °C often stay completely free of ice for long periods (supercooling). At these conditions, nucleation of ice is either slow or does not occur...
glass transition is called a glass. The reverse transition, achieved by supercooling a viscous liquid into the glass state, is called vitrification. The glass-transition...
temperature. Trigonal or cubic crystals form in the upper atmosphere where supercooling occurs. Water can pass through laminated sheets of graphene oxide unlike...
cold water is supercooled and released again, increasing the ice fraction in the storage tank. However, a small crystal in the supercooled water or a nucleation...
have occurred, but not unstable either. This occurs in superheating and supercooling, for example. Metastable states do not appear on usual phase diagrams...
falling to -2.62 C at a depth of 1000 metres. However, the water can be supercooled somewhat below these temperatures. "DWDS – Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen...
more northerly latitudes. One main type of PSC is made up mostly of supercooled droplets of water and nitric acid and is implicated in the formation...
and instead has an annual cycle of seasonal resistance. While their supercooling point in summer is −8 °C, in winter it drops to −20 °C. Like mating in...
condensed matter physics and physical chemistry, the terms viscous liquid, supercooled liquid, and glass forming liquid are often used interchangeably to designate...
also called soft hail or snow pellets, is precipitation that forms when supercooled water droplets in air are collected and freeze on falling snowflakes...
periods of time at sub-freezing temperatures in a supercooled state, but die at their supercooling point. Freeze tolerant insects can survive ice crystal...
tin by weight), but that may be the freezing point with the effect of supercooling. Gallium does not occur as a free element in nature, but rather as gallium(III)...
Classical element Condensed matter physics Cooling curve Phase (matter) Supercooling Superheating List of states of matter M.A. Wahab (2005). Solid State...
polar regions are called cryoprotectants. Cryogenics Crystallization Supercooling Vitrified fort Steven Ashle (June 2002). "Divide and Vitrify" (PDF)....
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