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Amylose information


Amylose
Names
IUPAC name
(1→4)-α-D-Glucopyranan
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 9005-82-7 checkY
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:28102 ☒N
ChemSpider
  • None
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.702 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • 7TDQ74Y18L checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID8093813 Edit this at Wikidata
Properties
Chemical formula
Variable
Molar mass Variable
Appearance White powder
Solubility in water
Insoluble[1]
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
1
0
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Amylose is a polysaccharide made of α-D-glucose units, bonded to each other through α(1→4) glycosidic bonds. It is one of the two components of starch, making up approximately 20–30%. Because of its tightly packed helical structure, amylose is more resistant to digestion than other starch molecules and is therefore an important form of resistant starch.[2]

  1. ^ Green, Mark M.; Blankenhorn, Glenn; Hart, Harold (November 1975). "Which Starch Fraction is Water-Soluble, Amylose or Amylopectin?". Journal of Chemical Education. 52 (11): 729. Bibcode:1975JChEd..52..729G. doi:10.1021/ed052p729. ... amylose is the water-insoluble starch component.
  2. ^ "Resistant starch". Archived from the original on 2010-09-24. Retrieved 2010-07-02.

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Amylose

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Amylose is a polysaccharide made of α-D-glucose units, bonded to each other through α(1→4) glycosidic bonds. It is one of the two components of starch...

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Mochi

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starch grains, and air bubbles. The rice used for mochi has a negligible amylose content and a high amylopectin level, producing a gel-like consistency...

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Starch gelatinization

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cross. Amylose leaching: Penetration of water thus increases the randomness in the starch granule structure, and causes swelling; eventually amylose molecules...

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Starch

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the linear and helical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant, starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin...

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Resistant starch

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Starch consists of amylose and amylopectin which affect the textural properties of manufactured foods. Cooked starches with high amylose content generally...

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Polysaccharide

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by alpha-linkages. It is made up of a mixture of amylose (15–20%) and amylopectin (80–85%). Amylose consists of a linear chain of several hundred glucose...

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Amylomaize

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commercial breeding of a cornstarch with high (>50%) amylose content, also called high amylose starch. The discovery of amylomaize occurred as a mutation...

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Waxy corn

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found that the endosperm of waxy maize contained only amylopectin and no amylose starch molecule in opposition to normal dent corn varieties that contain...

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Amylopectin

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in plants. It is one of the two components of starch, the other being amylose. Plants store starch within specialized organelles called amyloplasts....

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Puffcorn

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extrusion process, starch molecules (amylose) are destroyed partially while new crystalline ones are made. They form an amylose-lipid complex affecting puffcorn's...

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Potato

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comparative ratio of two different potato starch compounds: amylose and amylopectin. Amylose, a long-chain molecule, diffuses from the starch granule when...

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Homologous series

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(paraffins), or it could be the number of monomers in a homopolymer such as amylose. A homologue (also spelled as homolog) is a compound belonging to a homologous...

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Fibril

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arranged atop a cortical array of microtubules. Stirring of a given sample of amylose is said to form fibrillar crystals which are said to precipitate out of...

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Endoenzyme

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usually a polymer. For example, an endoamylase would break down large amylose molecules into shorter dextrin chains. On the other hand, an exoenzyme...

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Nitrostarch

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two components, nitrated amylose and nitrated amylopectin. Nitrated amylopectin generally has a greater solubility than amylose; however, it is less stable...

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Parboiled rice

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become gelatinized, then retrograded after cooling. Through gelatinization, amylose molecules leach out of the starch granule network and diffuse into the...

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Glutinous rice

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northeastern regions of South Asia, which has opaque grains, very low amylose content, and is especially sticky when cooked. It is widely consumed across...

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Bioplastic

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influenced by amylose/amylopectin ratio. Generally, high-amylose starch results in superior mechanical properties. However, high-amylose starch has less...

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Maltose

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are joined with an α(1→6) bond. Maltose is the two-unit member of the amylose homologous series, the key structural motif of starch. When beta-amylase...

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Pseudocereal

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some vitamins. The starch in pseudocereals has small granules and low amylose content (except for buckwheat), which gives it similar properties to waxy-type...

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Dietary fiber

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high-amylose corn may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes due to its effect of increasing insulin sensitivity. The allowed claim specified: "High-amylose maize...

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Bomba rice

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the Middle East. It is known for its nonstick properties due to its high amylose content. It is short grained with a pearly white color and a uniform consistency...

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Dextrin

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6–8 glucose residues. Amylodextrin is a linear dextrin or short chained amylose (DP 20-30) that can be produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of the alpha-1...

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Floridean starch

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of amylopectin and amylose) and glycogen: Historically, floridean starch has been described as lacking amylose. However, amylose has been identified...

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Corn starch

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Distinct in these countries from cornmeal.[citation needed] Amylomaize, high amylose starch Bird's Custard, the English custard based on cornflour, invented...

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Carnaroli

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during the slow cooking required for making risotto due to its higher amylose content. It is the most widely used rice in Italian cuisine, and is highly...

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Amylase

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long-chain saccharides, ultimately yielding either maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and "limit dextrin" from amylopectin. They belong...

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Rice as food

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long-, medium-, and short-grained. The grains of long-grain rice (high in amylose) tend to remain intact after cooking; medium-grain rice (high in amylopectin)...

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Carbohydrate

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Raffinose, stachyose, fructo-oligosaccharides Polysaccharides (>9) Starch Amylose, amylopectin, modified starches Non-starch polysaccharides Glycogen, Cellulose...

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