Adnaviria is a realm of viruses that includes archaeal viruses that have a filamentous virion (i.e. body) and a linear, double-stranded DNA genome.[1] The genome exists in A-form (A-DNA) and encodes a dimeric major capsid protein (MCP) that contains the SIRV2 fold, a type of alpha-helix bundle containing four helices. The virion consists of the genome encased in capsid proteins to form a helical nucleoprotein complex. For some viruses, this helix is surrounded by a lipid membrane called an envelope. Some contain an additional protein layer between the nucleoprotein helix and the envelope. Complete virions are long and thin and may be flexible or a stiff like a rod.
Adnaviria was established in 2020 after cryogenic electron microscopy showed that the viruses in the realm were related due to a shared MCP, A-DNA, and general virion structure. Viruses in Adnaviria infect hyperthermophilic archaea, i.e. archaea that inhabit very high temperature environments such as hot springs. Their A-DNA genome may be an adaptation to this extreme environment. Viruses in Adnaviria have potentially existed for a long time, as it is thought that they may have infected the last archaeal common ancestor. In general, they show no genetic relation to any viruses outside the realm.
^Krupovic, M; Kuhn, JH; Wang, F; Baquero, DP; Dolja, VV; Egelman, EH; Prangishvili, D; Koonin, EV (12 July 2021). "Adnaviria: a new realm for archaeal filamentous viruses with linear A-form double-stranded DNA genomes". Journal of Virology. 95 (15): e0067321. doi:10.1128/JVI.00673-21. PMC 8274609. PMID 34011550.
Adnaviria is a realm of viruses that includes archaeal viruses that have a filamentous virion (i.e. body) and a linear, double-stranded DNA genome. The...
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses. They are assigned to four separate realms: Adnaviria, Duplodnaviria, Monodnaviria, and Varidnaviria. Many have yet to be assigned...
ancient origins preceding the LACA, and the latter includes the realm Adnaviria and all archaeal virus families unassigned to higher taxa, which are thought...
sedis families, and two incertae sedis genera are recognized: Realms: Adnaviria Duplodnaviria Monodnaviria Riboviria Ribozyviria Varidnaviria Incertae...
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