All 614 seats in the Bundestag, including 16 overhang seats 308 seats needed for a majority
Registered
61,870,711 0.7%
Turnout
48,044,134 (77.7%) 1.4pp
First party
Second party
Third party
Candidate
Angela Merkel
Gerhard Schröder
Guido Westerwelle
Party
CDU/CSU
SPD
FDP
Last election
38.5%, 248 seats
38.5%, 251 seats
7.4%, 47 seats
Seats won
226
222
61
Seat change
22
29
14
Popular vote
16,631,049
16,194,665
4,648,144
Percentage
35.2%
34.2%
9.8%
Swing
3.3pp
4.3pp
2.4pp
Fourth party
Fifth party
Candidate
Gregor Gysi & Oskar Lafontaine
Joschka Fischer
Party
The Left.PDS
Greens
Last election
4.0%, 2 seats
8.6%, 55 seats
Seats won
54
51
Seat change
52
4
Popular vote
4,118,194
3,838,326
Percentage
8.7%
8.1%
Swing
4.7pp
0.5pp
The left side shows constituency winners of the election by their party colours. The right side shows party list winners of the election for the additional members by their party colours.
Government before election
Second Schröder cabinet
SPD–Greens
Government after election
First Merkel cabinet
CDU/CSU–SPD
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Federal elections were held in Germany on 18 September 2005 to elect the members of the 16th Bundestag. The snap election was called after the government's defeat in the North Rhine-Westphalia state election, which caused them to intentionally lose a motion of confidence to trigger an early federal election. The outgoing government was a coalition of the centre-left Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and Alliance 90/The Greens, led by federal Chancellor Gerhard Schröder. The election was originally intended for the autumn of 2006.[1][2]
The opposition Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU), with its sister party the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU), started the campaign with a strong lead over the SPD in opinion polls. The government was generally expected to suffer a major defeat and be replaced by a coalition of the CDU/CSU and the liberal Free Democratic Party (FDP), with CDU leader Angela Merkel becoming chancellor. However, the CDU/CSU ultimately lost vote share compared to its 2002 result, falling to 35%. The SPD suffered losses but finished just one percentage point behind the CDU/CSU, winning 34%. Exit polls showed clearly that neither the SPD–Green nor CDU/CSU–FDP coalitions had won a majority of seats in the Bundestag. The FDP placed third on just under 10% of votes, its best result since 1990, while the Greens suffered small losses. The major stumbling block to a parliamentary majority was the new Left Party, led by Gregor Gysi and former SPD chairman Oskar Lafontaine, which won 8.7% of votes and 54 seats. The CDU/CSU and SPD both rejected cooperation with the Left Party.
Both Schröder and Merkel claimed victory, but the formation of a new government required careful negotiations, as no conventional arrangement could achieve a majority. The CDU/CSU sought talks with the Greens, but were unable to find common ground. Discussions ultimately began for a grand coalition between the CDU/CSU and SPD. On 10 October, officials from both parties indicated that negotiations had concluded successfully and that they would form a coalition government with Angela Merkel as chancellor.[3] The Bundestag met on 22 November and Merkel was elected chancellor, with 397 votes in favour.[4]
^"Early Elections in Germany". Deutsche Welle. 23 May 2005. Archived from the original on 25 September 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
^Richard Bernstein (23 May 2005). "German Leader, Losing a State, Calls for Early Election by Fall". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 September 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
^"German parties back new coalition". BBC. 14 November 2005. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
^"Merkel becomes German Chancellor". BBC. 22 November 2005. Archived from the original on 9 December 2005. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
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Global Information
0.7%
1.4pp
