All 397 seats in the Reichstag 199 seats needed for a majority
Registered
14,442,387 8.16%
Turnout
12,260,731 (84.89%) 0.24pp
First party
Second party
Third party
Leader
August Bebel Hugo Haase
Georg von Hertling
Ernst Bassermann
Party
SPD
Centre
NlP
Leader since
21 November 1892 & 1911
1909
1898
Last election
28.94%, 43 seats
18.79%, 101 seats
14.80%, 56 seats
Seats won
110
90
45
Seat change
67
11
11
Popular vote
4,250,400
1,988,504
1,662,700
Percentage
34.82%
16.29%
13.53%
Swing
5.88pp
2.50pp
1.27pp
Fourth party
Fifth party
Sixth party
Leader
Ernst von Heydebrand und der Lasa
Otto Fischbeck
Ferdynand Radziwiłł
Party
DKP
FVp
PP
Leader since
1911
6 March 1910
1889
Last election
9.41%, 59 seats
10.66%, 50 seats[1]
4.03%, 20 seats
Seats won
41
41
18
Seat change
18
9
2
Popular vote
1,006,570
1,448,097
441,744
Percentage
8.25%
11.86%
3.62%
Swing
1.16pp
1.20pp
0.41pp
Map of results (by constituencies)
President of the Reichstag before election
Hans Graf von Schwerin-Löwitz
DKP
President of the Reichstag after election
Johannes Kaempf
FVp
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Federal elections were held in Germany on 12 January 1912.[2] Although the Social Democratic Party (SPD) had received the most votes in every election since 1890, it had never won the most seats, and in the 1907 elections, it had won fewer than half the seats won by the Centre Party despite receiving over a million more votes.[3] However, the 1912 elections saw the SPD retain its position as the most voted-for party and become the largest party in the Reichstag, winning 110 of the 397 seats.[4]
Parties hostile or ambivalent to the ruling elites of the German Empire – the Social Democrats, the Centre Party, and the left-liberal Progressives – together won a majority of the seats. This allowed a successful censure vote against the government of Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg over the Saverne Affair in 1913 and the passage of the Reichstag Peace Resolution of 1917. However, the Centre and the Progressives were unwilling to act consistently in opposition, which left the government largely free to do as it wished.
Some historians, such as Fritz Fischer, have theorized that the First World War was partly a result of the strategy of the conservative Prussian Junkers to deal with the result.[5] In an attempt to increase support for conservative parties and policies and to distract the population from the SPD, they hoped to drum up patriotism in an external conflict with Russia or another Eastern European state such as Serbia.
Georges Weill, an SPD candidate who won a seat in Metz, defected to France at the start of World War I.
^Merger of the Free-minded People's Party (6.55%, 29 seats), Free-minded Union (3.01%, 14 seats), and the German People's Party (1.10%, 7 seats).
^Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p762 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
^Nohlen & Stöver, pp. 774–789
^Nohlen & Stöver, p789
^Fischer, Fritz (1961). Germany's Aims in the First World War. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-09798-6.
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Global Information
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