Chinese peasant leader and ruler in Sichuan (1606–1647)
Zhang Xianzhong 張獻忠
Emperor of the Xi dynasty
Reign
1644–1647
Born
(1606-09-18)18 September 1606
Died
2 January 1647(1647-01-02) (aged 40)
Spouse
Lady Chen (daughter of Chen Yan)
Names
Zhang Xianzhong (張獻忠)
Era name and dates
Dashun (大順): 1644–1647
Posthumous name
Emperor Gao (高皇帝)
Temple name
Taizu (太祖)
Dynasty
Xi
Seal[note 1]
In this Chinese name, the family name is Zhang.
Zhang Xianzhong
Traditional Chinese
張獻忠
Simplified Chinese
张献忠
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Zhāng Xiànzhōng
Wade–Giles
Chang Hsien-chung
Zhang Xianzhong (張獻忠 or Chang Hsien-chung; 18 September 1606 – 2 January 1647), courtesy name Bingwu (秉吾), art name Jingxuan (敬軒), was a Chinese peasant leader who led a peasant rebellion from Yan'an wei, Shaanxi (today Yulin, Shaanxi province) during the Ming-Qing transition. He conquered Sichuan in 1644, and named himself king and later emperor[2] of the Xi dynasty. His rule in Sichuan was brief, and he was killed by the invading Qing army. He is commonly associated with the massacres in Sichuan that depopulated the region.[3][4] However, the extent of his killings is disputed.[5]
^Huo Hongwei. "中国国家博物馆藏西王赏功钱考" (PDF) (in Chinese). China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.
^Cite error: The named reference emp was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Skeletons of massacre victims uncovered at construction site". Shanghai Star. 11 April 2002. Archived from the original on 22 April 2006.
^""张献忠屠四川"非造假 成都曾挖出万人枯骨坑 ("Zhang Xianzhong's massacre of Sichuan" not fabricated, ten thousand human bones in pit excavated in Chengdu.)" (in Chinese). sc.people.com.cn. 8 April 2010. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012.
^Cite error: The named reference hu was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).
ZhangXianzhong (張獻忠 or Chang Hsien-chung; 18 September 1606 – 2 January 1647), courtesy name Bingwu (秉吾), art name Jingxuan (敬軒), was a Chinese peasant...
started a revolt in Shaanxi with some 6,000 followers, one of whom was ZhangXianzhong, who would go on to depopulate Sichuan in the future. The rebellion...
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used by Emperor Zhaozong of Tang Dashun (1644–1646), era name used by ZhangXianzhong Dashun, Anhui, town in Shou County, Anhui Dashun, Chongqing, town in...
based in Sichuan. The area was devastated in the 17th century by ZhangXianzhong's rebellion and the area's subsequent Manchu conquest, but recovered...
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flay corrupt officials. The Zhengde Emperor flayed six rebels, and ZhangXianzhong also flayed many people. Lu Xun said the Ming dynasty was begun and...
began at once in Chengdu, Baoning and Chongqing. In 1644, following ZhangXianzhong's invasion of Sichuan and the subsequent establishment of the "Great...
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notably the Shun and the Xi dynasties proclaimed by Li Zicheng and ZhangXianzhong respectively. This change of ruling houses was a convoluted and prolonged...
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were also other peasant rebellions at the time, such as those led by ZhangXianzhong who ruled Sichuan and declared the short-lived Xi dynasty. Nurhaci...
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the Shaanxi province as an epicenter of rebellion. Li Zicheng and ZhangXianzhong, also from Shaanxi province, were two of the major leaders in the peasant...
Henan province by 1635. By the 1640s, an ex-soldier and rival to Li—ZhangXianzhong (1606–1647)—had created a firm rebel base in Chengdu, Sichuan, with...
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