Javanese monarchy in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia
This article is about the monarchy of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. For information on the other precolonial states in Indonesia, see list of Indonesian monarchies.
Sultanate of Yogyakarta
ꦏꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦡꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦿꦠ꧀
Transliteration of name
Javanese in Latin
Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat
Pegon Jawa
كاسلطانان ڠايَوڮياكارتا هادينيڠرات
Indonesian
Kesultanan Yogyakarta
Royal Flag (Gula Klapa)[1][2][3][4]
Royal coat of arms (Praja Cihna)
Royal anthem:Gending Monggang[5]
The realm of Yogyakarta Sultanate (green) in 1830
Status
Political status:
De facto independent state (1755–1830)
De jure protectorate state of the Dutch East India Company (1755–1799)
De jure protectorate state of the Batavian Republic (1800–1811)
De jure protectorate state of the British East India Company (1811–1816)
De jure protectorate state of the Dutch East Indies (1816–1830)
Protectorate state of the Dutch East Indies (1830–1942)
Protectorate state of the Empire of Japan (1942–1945)
Protectorate state/special region of the Republic of Indonesia (1945–1950)
Protectorate state status was officially downgraded to province-level special region status (1950)
Others:
In some areas was established the Duchy of Pakualaman at 1813
Capital
Yogyakarta
Official language
Javanese
Recognised language
Dutch (1755–1811; 1816–1942) English (1811–1816) Japanese (1942–1945) Indonesian (1945–present)
Religion
Sunni Islam (Official)
Kejawen
Government
Absolute monarchy (until 1945) Devolved constitutional monarchy within the unitary presidential republic (from 1945)
The Sultanate of Yogyakarta (Javanese: ꦏꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦡꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦿꦠ꧀, romanized: Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta HadiningratJavanese pronunciation:[ŋajogjɔkartɔhadinɪŋrat]; Indonesian: Kesultanan Yogyakarta) is a Javanese monarchy in Yogyakarta Special Region, in the Republic of Indonesia. The current head of the sultanate is Hamengkubuwono X.[7]
Yogyakarta existed as a state since 1755 on the territory of modern Indonesia in the central part of Java Island. The sultanate became the main theatre of military operations during the Java War of 1825–1830, following which a significant part of its territory was annexed by the Dutch, and the degree of autonomy was significantly curtailed. In 1946–1948, during the war of independence of Indonesia, the capital of the republic was transferred to the territory of the sultanate, in the city of Yogyakarta.
In 1950, Yogyakarta, along with the Principality of Pakualaman became part of Indonesia, with the former royal realms united as a Special Region, with status equal to that of a national province. At the same time, the hereditary titles of Sultan of Yogyakarta and Prince of Pakualaman, with ceremonial privileges carried with the titles, were legally secured for the rulers. In 2012, the Indonesian government formally recognised the reigning sultan of Yogyakarta as the hereditary governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, with the Pakualam Prince as its hereditary vice-governor (article 18, paragraph 1c).[8] The sultanate is claimed to own almost 10% of land in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.[9]
^Kraton Jogja (31 August 2023). "Hajad Kawula Dalem Mubeng Beteng 1 Sura Jimawal 1957 Kembali Diselenggarakan Secara Langsung".
^Pemerintah Daerah DIY (1 September 2019). "5.000 Orang Ikuti Lampah Budaya Mubeng Beteng 2019".
^Kraton Jogja [@kratonjogja] (11 September 2018). "Sebelum pemberangkatan, nantinya akan dilakukan penyerahan dwaja (bendera) yang terdiri dari bendera Merah Putih, bendera Gula Klapa (bendera Kasultanan), dan klebet Budi Wadu Praja (DI Yogyakarta).#mubengbetengbe1952" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
^Historia (31 December 2019). "Ricklefs yang Tak Sempat Saya Temui".
^"Gendhing Monggang - YouTube". YouTube.
^Sabdacarakatama (2009). Sejarah Keraton Yogyakarta. Penerbit Narasi. ISBN 9789791681049. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
^Kahin, Audrey (2015). Historical dictionary of Indonesia. Lanham : Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780810849358.
^Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia. "UU No. 13 Tahun 2012" (PDF). Retrieved 14 May 2020.
^"A Javanese sultan wants his daughter to succeed him. His people object". The Economist. 17 August 2019.
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