Cell contents of yeast without the cell walls, used as a food additive
Yeast extract is a common ingredient in commercially prepared soups (canned, frozen, or deli).[1][2] It is a flavor enhancer like monosodium glutamate (MSG).
Yeast extracts consist of the cell contents of yeast without the cell walls;[3] they are used as food additives or flavorings, or as nutrients for bacterial culture media. They are often used to create savory flavors and umami taste sensations[4] and can be found in a large variety of packaged food[5] including frozen meals, crackers, snack foods, gravy, stock and more. They are rich in B vitamins (but not B12). Yeast extracts and fermented foods contain glutamic acid (free glutamates), an amino acid which adds an umami flavor. Glutamic acid is found in meat, cheese, fungi (mushrooms and yeast) and vegetables—such as broccoli and tomatoes.[6][7] A number of other substances found in yeast extract provide aromas, some meat-like, when allowed to react under heat.[8]
The heat-autolytic process to make yeast extract of the autolysate type was invented in the 19th century by Justus von Liebig.[9] Yeast cells are heated until they rupture, then the cells' own digestive enzymes break their proteins down into simpler compounds (amino acids and peptides), a process called autolysis.[10] The insoluble cell walls are then separated by centrifuge, filtered, and usually spray-dried.[11] This is the process used for Vegemite, Marmite, and the like.[12]
Yeast extracts in liquid form can be dried to a light paste or a dry powder. This is not the same as nutritional yeast, which are made from intact cells not directly hydrolyzed and consequently have a lighter flavor.[12]
^"Handcrafted chicken soup doesn't happen in 30 minutes, but it can take less work than you might think". National Post. 17 April 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
^"Campbell Rethinks Its Soup Recipe as Consumer Tastes Change". The New York Times. 10 November 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
^Umami: Unlocking the Secrets of the Fifth Taste. Arts and Traditions of the Table: Perspe. Columbia University Press. 2014. p. 172. ISBN 978-0-231-16890-8. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
^Baines, D.; Seal, R. (2012). Natural Food Additives, Ingredients and Flavourings. Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. Elsevier Science. p. 296. ISBN 978-0-85709-572-5. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
^Costello, Rose (21 March 2013). "Do you really know what exactly is in your frozen chips?". The Irish Times. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
^"Your guide to glutamate (+vegan queso salsa dip)". WhyFoodWorks. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
^Renton, Alex (10 July 2005). "If MSG is so bad for you, why doesn't everyone in Asia have a headache?". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
^Kale, Prajyoti; Mishra, Anusha; Annapure, Uday S. (June 2022). "Development of vegan meat flavour: A review on sources and techniques". Future Foods. 5: 100149. doi:10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100149.
^"Marmite: Profile of a yeast-based spread".
^"Here's how food companies sneak MSG into foods". Business Insider. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
^George A. Burdock, Encyclopedia of Food and Color Additives3:2972, CRC Press, 1997, ISBN 0849394147
^ abBond, Owen. "Benefits of Yeast Extract". Livestrong.com. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
Yeastextracts consist of the cell contents of yeast without the cell walls; they are used as food additives or flavorings, or as nutrients for bacterial...
Nutritional yeast is a whole-cell inactive yeast that contains both soluble and insoluble parts, which is different from yeastextract. Yeastextract is made...
Yeastextract agar is a growth medium containing yeastextract. It may refer to: The nonselective yeastextract agar of Windle Taylor YM (selective medium)...
Marmite (/ˈmɑːrmaɪt/ MAR-myte) is a British savoury food spread based on yeastextract, invented by the German scientist Justus von Liebig. It is made from...
nutrient agar, yeast peptone dextrose agar, and yeast mould agar or broth. Home brewers who cultivate yeast frequently use dried malt extract and agar as...
Buffered charcoal yeastextract (BCYE) agar is a selective growth medium used to culture or grow certain types of bacteria, particularly the Gram-negative...
thick, dark brown Australian food spread made from leftover brewers' yeastextract with various vegetable and spice additives Zacuscă – vegetable spread...
Meat extracts have largely been supplanted by bouillon cubes and yeastextract. Some brands of meat extract, such as Oxo and Bovril, now contain yeast extract...
YEPD or yeastextract peptone dextrose, also often abbreviated as YPD, is a complete medium for yeast growth. It contains yeastextract, peptone, double-distilled...
thick, dark brown Australian food spread made from leftover brewers' yeastextract with various vegetable and spice additives. It was developed by Cyril...
anchovies), tomatoes, mushrooms, hydrolyzed vegetable protein, meat extract, yeastextract, kimchi, cheeses, and soy sauce. A loanword from Japanese (うま味)...
sources. An undefined medium has some complex ingredients, such as yeastextract or casein hydrolysate, which consist of a mixture of many chemical species...
connection to making tapai Budding yeast This species is also the main source of nutritional yeast and yeastextract.[citation needed] In the 19th century...
dried yeast" for poultry feed, or made into yeastextract which is used in brands such as Vegemite and Marmite. The process of turning the yeast sediment...
diseases. Then, starting in 1935, commercially produced tablets of yeast-extract vitamin B complex and semi-synthetic vitamin C became available. This...
Cenovis is a dark brown food paste from Switzerland consisting of yeastextract, onions, carrots and spices. It is similar to English Marmite, Brazilian...
Promite /ˈproʊmaɪt/ is a dark brown, salty food paste derived from yeastextract. It is primarily used as a spread on sandwiches and toast similar to...
Bovril is the trademarked name of a thick and salty meat extract paste, similar to a yeastextract, developed in the 1870s by John Lawson Johnston. It is...
and cheese. They can also be found in hydrolyzed proteins such as yeastextract. The sodium salt of glutamic acid, monosodium glutamate (MSG), is manufactured...
comprise yeastextract, wheat or corn flour, trans fat (partially hydrogenated vegetable oil), and various herbs, spices, vegetable extracts and other...
H includes a yeastextract called Biodyne which was removed in 1995 from the formulation sold in the United States. This yeastextract was the primary...
which has been compared to that of Marmite, primarily derives from the yeastextract used in the coating. Twiglets are packaged in 24 g, 45 g, 105 g, 150 g...
as food additive to enhance the umami taste, often in the form of a yeastextract. A nucleotide is composed of three distinctive chemical sub-units: a...
Czapek medium, also called Czapek's agar (CZA) or Czapek-Dox medium, is a growth medium for propagating fungi and other organisms in a laboratory. It was...
25 °C The yeast/meat extracts and peptone provide sources of carbon, nitrogen, and vitamins for general bacterial growth. The yeastextract also contains...
(23 °C) in a liquid media called R2B, containing peptone, casamino acids, yeastextract, glucose, soluble starch, sodium pyruvate and inorganic salts. Although...
Global Information