Black rot of crucifer leaves caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Pseudomonadota
Class:
Gammaproteobacteria
Order:
Xanthomonadales
Family:
Xanthomonadaceae
Genus:
Xanthomonas
Species:
X. campestris
Binomial name
Xanthomonas campestris
(Pammel 1895) Dowson 1939
Type strain
NCPPB 528
Synonyms
Bacillus campestris Pammel 1895 Pseudomonas campestris (Pammel 1895) Smith 1897 Bacterium campestris (Pammel 1895) Smith 1897 Phytomonas campestris (Pammel 1895) Bergey et al. 1923
Xanthomonas campestris is a gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacterium that is a member of the Xanthomonas genus, which is a group of bacteria that are commonly known for their association with plant disease.[1] This species includes Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the cause of black rot in brassicas (cruciferous vegetables), one of the most important diseases of brassicas worldwide.
These bacteria are facultative saprophytes, meaning that they are typically parasitic while also having the ability to live on dead or decaying organic matter under the proper conditions. Upon initial infection, the bacteria remain in the epiphytic stage; however, the harmful endophytic stage is reached when the bacteria actually enter the plant host through natural openings.[2] In general, the genes that contribute significantly to the plant-bacteria relationship are the avirulence (avr) genes, the hypersensitivity response and pathogenicity (hrp) genes, and the pathogenicity factors (rpf) genes.[1][3][4] Additionally, the virulence determinants associated with the seedborne diseases that result from this bacterium include extracellular enzymes, polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, etc.[3]
Several strains of Xanthomonas campestris also produce an exopolysaccharide called xanthan, making it valuable in the commercial production of xanthan gum, which has important uses in the food, oil, agricultural, and pharmaceutical industries.[5]
^Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abChan, James W. Y. F; Goodwin, Paul H (1999-11-01). "The molecular genetics of virulence of Xanthomonas campestris". Biotechnology Advances. 17 (6): 489–508. doi:10.1016/S0734-9750(99)00025-7. ISSN 0734-9750. PMID 14538126.
^Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Palaniraj, Aarthy; Jayaraman, Vijayakumar (2011-09-01). "Production, recovery and applications of xanthan gum by Xanthomonas campestris". Journal of Food Engineering. 106 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.03.035. ISSN 0260-8774.
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fermentation and derives its name from the species of bacteria used, Xanthomonascampestris. Xanthan gum was discovered by Allene Rosalind Jeanes and her research...
s., and 1989 regarding procedures for field testing with S. s. Xanthomonascampestris and X. axonopodis can be inoculated by seed contamination and by...
M.; Nicole, M. (September 2005). "Resistance of Cotton Towards Xanthomonascampestris pv. malvacearum". Annual Review of Phytopathology. 43 (1): 63–82...
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bacteria such as Pseudomonas cichorii, Erwinia chrysanthemi, and Xanthomonascampestris, which can all cause leaf spot. Colletotrichum fungi can cause anthracnose...
related plants caused by a bacterium known as Xanthomonascampestris (Xanthomonascampestris pv. campestris). Occurring around the world, it affects primarily...
rainfall can cause the flowers to drop and fruit to rot. The bacterium Xanthomonascampestris causes the stems to rot. Dothiorella fungi can cause brown spots...
affected. Banana bacterial wilt (BBW) is a bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonascampestris pv. musacearum. First identified on a close relative of bananas...
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