This article is about bosons of a hypothetical new interaction. For mesons with the same names, see XYZ particle.
X± and Y± bosons
Composition
Elementary particle
Statistics
Bosonic
Family
Gauge boson
Status
Hypothetical
Types
12
Mass
≈ 1015 GeV/c2
Decays into
X: two quarks, or one antiquark and one charged antilepton Y: two quarks, or one antiquark and one charged antilepton, or one antiquark and one antineutrino
Electric charge
X: ±4/3e Y: ±1/3e
Color charge
triplet or antitriplet
Spin
1
Spin states
3
Weak isospin projection
X: ±1/2 Y: ∓1/2
Weak hypercharge
±5/6
B − L
±2/3
X
0
In particle physics, the X and Y bosons (sometimes collectively called "X bosons"[1]: 437 ) are hypothetical elementary particles analogous to the W and Z bosons, but corresponding to a unified force predicted by the Georgi–Glashow model, a grand unified theory (GUT).
Since the X and Y boson mediate the grand unified force, they would have unusual high mass, which requires more energy to create than the reach of any current particle collider experiment. Significantly, the X and Y bosons couple quarks (constituents of protons and others) to leptons (such as positrons), allowing violation of the conservation of baryon number thus permitting proton decay.
However, the Hyper-Kamiokande has put a lower bound on the proton's half-life as around 1034 years.[2] Since some grand unified theories such as the Georgi–Glashow model predict a half-life less than this, then the existence of X and Y bosons, as formulated by this particular model, remain hypothetical.
^
Ta-Pei Cheng; Ling-Fong Li (1983). Gauge Theory of Elementary Particle Physics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-851961-3.
^"Proton Decay Searches: Hyper-Kamiokande". www.hyper-k.org. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
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