Phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs in nature
For the cultured seafood company, see Wildtype (company).
Unlike culinary bananas, wild-type bananas have numerous large, hard seeds.
The wild type (WT) is the phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs in nature. Originally, the wild type was conceptualized as a product of the standard[1] "normal" allele at a locus, in contrast to that produced by a non-standard, "mutant" allele. "Mutant" alleles can vary to a great extent, and even become the wild type if a genetic shift occurs within the population. Continued advancements in genetic mapping technologies have created a better understanding of how mutations occur and interact with other genes to alter phenotype.[2] It is now appreciated that most or all gene loci exist in a variety of allelic forms, which vary in frequency throughout the geographic range of a species, and that a uniform wild type does not exist. In general, however, the most prevalent allele – i.e., the one with the highest gene frequency – is the one deemed wild type.[3]
The concept of wild type is useful in some experimental organisms such as fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster, in which the standard phenotypes for features such as eye color or wing shape are known to be altered by particular mutations that produce distinctive phenotypes, such as "white eyes" or "vestigial wings". Wild-type alleles are indicated with a "+" superscript, for example w+ and vg+ for red eyes and full-size wings, respectively. Manipulation of the genes behind these traits led to the current understanding of how organisms form and how traits mutate within a population. Research involving the manipulation of wild-type alleles has application in many fields, including fighting disease and commercial food production.
^"Wild Type vs. Mutant Traits". Miami College of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved March 2, 2016.
^Chari, Sudarshan; Dworkin, Ian (2013). "The Conditional Nature of Genetic Interactions: The Consequences of Wild-Type Backgrounds on Mutational Interactions in a Genome-Wide Modifier Screen". PLOS Genetics. 9 (8): e1003661. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003661. PMC 3731224. PMID 23935530.
^Jones, Elizabeth; Hartl, Daniel L. (1998). Genetics: principles and analysis. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7637-0489-6.
The wildtype (WT) is the phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs in nature. Originally, the wildtype was conceptualized as a product...
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scientific usage is broader, referring to any organism differing from the wildtype. The word finds its origin in the Latin term mūtant- (stem of mūtāns)...
common types of systemic amyloidosis are light chain (AL), inflammation (AA), dialysis-related (Aβ2M), and hereditary and old age (ATTR and wild-type transthyretin...
domestic and feral pigeons have extensively interbred with wild rock doves, genetically pure wild-type pigeons may not exist anymore, or are nearly extinct...
from Ancient Greek μέλας, mélas, “black”, and γᾰστήρ, gastḗr, "belly". Wildtype fruit flies are yellow-brown, with brick-red eyes and transverse black...
attempt to achieve an animal breed with a phenotype that resembles a wildtype ancestor, usually one that has gone extinct. Breeding back is not to be...
advantage for the males compared to the wild-type; albino males had higher mount frequencies than wild-type males. In addition, the albinos had greater...
variability of wild-type lines among institutions may contribute to the replication crisis in biomedical research. Genetic differences in wild-type lines among...
term "wildtype" allele is sometimes used to describe an allele that is thought to contribute to the typical phenotypic character as seen in "wild" populations...
them from their wild-type counterparts – fighting strains of B. splendens have been shown to be significantly more aggressive than wild bettas, and in...
primarily by three genes, called MC1R, Agouti, and CBD103. If a dog carries wildtype alleles at all three loci, the dog will have a yellow coat. If a dog has...
tumors as Astrocytoma, IDH mutant, grade 4. Only tumors that are IDH wildtype are now classified as glioblastoma. There are currently three molecular...
first letter represents the wild-type nucleotide, and the second letter represents the nucleotide that replaced the wildtype. In the given example, the...
1996. One month later, the Phillips group independently reported the wild-type GFP structure in Nature Biotechnology. These crystal structures provided...
motility) SmR (resistance to the antibiotic streptomycin) In the case of Lac, wildtype cells are Lac+ and are able to use lactose as a carbon and energy source...
times more likely to develop melanoma than those with two wild-type (typical unaffected type) copies. MC1R mutations are very common, and all red-haired...
wild-type p53, and prevent them from activating transcription. Therefore, OD mutations have a dominant negative effect on the function of p53. Wild-type...
causes phyB-1 to exhibit the same curvature as the wild-type is identical to that of the wild-type. The phytochrome that expressed more than normal amounts...
TTR mutation present more often in The United States. This type is considered the wild-type mutation which leads to the development of TTR deposits. It...
plants Musa balbisiana, the domestic banana and true plantain plants Wildtype This page is an index of articles on plant species (or higher taxonomic...
wild-type males had a significant advantage over GloFish when it came to mating. According to the mating trials that were analyzed in the study, wild-type...
kinds of rhaphanos (ῤάφανος): a curly-leaved, a smooth-leaved, and a wild-type. He reports the antipathy of the cabbage and the grape vine, for the ancients...
Musa balbisiana, also known simply as plantain, is a wild-type species of banana. It is one of the ancestors of modern cultivated bananas, along with...
suggests that gene expression can oscillate with the period seen in dividing wild-type cells independently of the CDK machinery. Orlando et al. used microarrays...
incompletely dominant over the Devon allele and both being recessive to the wildtype. The Sphynx's allele is termed "hr", for hairless. The only allowable...
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