ULK1 information

ULK1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4WNO, 4WNP, 5CI7
Identifiers
Aliases	ULK1, ATG1, ATG1A, UNC51, Unc51.1, hATG1, unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 603168 MGI: 1270126 HomoloGene: 2640 GeneCards: ULK1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (human)
End	131,923,150 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	110,957,963 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	body of pancreas; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; anterior pituitary; ; gastric mucosa; ; middle frontal gyrus; ; nucleus accumbens; ; skin of abdomen; ; canal of the cervix; ; right uterine tube; ; body of stomach;
	Top expressed in
	lip; ; cerebellar cortex; ; ganglionic eminence; ; morula; ; aortic valve; ; secondary oocyte; ; ascending aorta; ; vastus lateralis muscle; ; extensor digitorum longus muscle; ; left lobe of liver;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; nucleotide binding; protein kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; ATP binding; kinase activity; GTPase binding; identical protein binding; protein-containing complex binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; phagophore assembly site membrane; extrinsic component of omegasome membrane; Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex; extrinsic component of phagophore assembly site membrane; phagophore assembly site; autophagosome; extrinsic component of autophagosome membrane; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; recycling endosome; guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor complex; mitochondrial outer membrane; axon; membrane;
Biological process	neuron projection regeneration; protein localization; axonogenesis; phosphorylation; negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly; protein phosphorylation; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; cellular response to nutrient levels; axon extension; response to starvation; protein autophosphorylation; neuron projection development; signal transduction; autophagy; macroautophagy; peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation; regulation of macroautophagy; positive regulation of autophagosome assembly; autophagosome assembly; regulation of autophagy; positive regulation of autophagy;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8408
	22241
	ENSG00000177169
	ENSMUSG00000029512
	O75385
	O70405
	NM_003565
	NM_009469; NM_001347394
	NP_003556
	NP_001334323; NP_033495
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

ULK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ULK1 gene.^[5]^[6]

Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinases 1 and 2 (ULK1/2) are two similar isoforms of an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ULK1/2 genes.^[7]^[8] The enzyme is specifically a kinase that is involved with autophagy, particularly in response to amino acid withdrawal. Not many studies have been done comparing the two isoforms, but some differences have been recorded.^[9]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177169 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029512 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Kuroyanagi H, Yan J, Seki N, Yamanouchi Y, Suzuki Y, Takano T, et al. (July 1998). "Human ULK1, a novel serine/threonine kinase related to UNC-51 kinase of Caenorhabditis elegans: cDNA cloning, expression, and chromosomal assignment". Genomics. 51 (1): 76–85. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5340. PMID 9693035.
^ "Entrez Gene: ULK1 unc-51-like kinase 1 (C. elegans)".
^ Kuroyanagi H, Yan J, Seki N, Yamanouchi Y, Suzuki Y, Takano T, Muramatsu M, Shirasawa T (Jul 1998). "Human ULK1, a novel serine/threonine kinase related to UNC-51 kinase of Caenorhabditis elegans: cDNA cloning, expression, and chromosomal assignment". Genomics. 51 (1): 76–85. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5340. PMID 9693035. ^{[verification needed]}
^ "Entrez Gene: ULK1 unc-51-like kinase 1 (C. elegans)". ^{[verification needed]}
^ Ro SH, Jung CH, Hahn WS, Xu X, Kim YM, Yun YS, et al. (December 2013). "Distinct functions of Ulk1 and Ulk2 in the regulation of lipid metabolism in adipocytes". Autophagy. 9 (12): 2103–2114. doi:10.4161/auto.26563. PMC 4028344. PMID 24135897.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177169 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029512 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid9693035-5] Kuroyanagi H, Yan J, Seki N, Yamanouchi Y, Suzuki Y, Takano T, et al. (July 1998). "Human ULK1, a novel serine/threonine kinase related to UNC-51 kinase of Caenorhabditis elegans: cDNA cloning, expression, and chromosomal assignment". Genomics. 51 (1): 76–85. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5340. PMID 9693035.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: ULK1 unc-51-like kinase 1 (C. elegans)".

[7] Kuroyanagi H, Yan J, Seki N, Yamanouchi Y, Suzuki Y, Takano T, Muramatsu M, Shirasawa T (Jul 1998). "Human ULK1, a novel serine/threonine kinase related to UNC-51 kinase of Caenorhabditis elegans: cDNA cloning, expression, and chromosomal assignment". Genomics. 51 (1): 76–85. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5340. PMID 9693035. ^{[verification needed]}

[8] "Entrez Gene: ULK1 unc-51-like kinase 1 (C. elegans)". ^{[verification needed]}

[9] Ro SH, Jung CH, Hahn WS, Xu X, Kim YM, Yun YS, et al. (December 2013). "Distinct functions of Ulk1 and Ulk2 in the regulation of lipid metabolism in adipocytes". Autophagy. 9 (12): 2103–2114. doi:10.4161/auto.26563. PMC 4028344. PMID 24135897.

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