Legal structure of the European Union from 1993 to 2009
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History of the European Union
Timeline
Pre-1948 ideas
1948–1957
1958–1972
1973–1993
1993–2004
2004–present
Organisation
European Communities
(1958–2009)
European Coal and Steel Community
(1952–2002)
European Economic Community
(1958–1993)
European Atomic Energy Community
(1958–present)
European Community
(1993–2009)
Justice and Home Affairs
(1993–2003)
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters
(2003–2009)
Common Foreign and Security Policy pillar
(1993–2009)
Western European Union
(1954–2011)
Western Union
(1948–1954)
Treaties
Treaty of Paris
1951
Treaty of Rome
1957
Merger Treaty
1965
Single European Act
1986
Maastricht Treaty
1992
Treaty of Amsterdam
1997
Treaty of Nice
2001
Treaty of Lisbon
2007
Commissions
Hallstein Commission
1958
Rey Commission
1967
Malfatti Commission
1970
Mansholt Commission
1972
Ortoli Commission
1973
Jenkins Commission
1977
Thorn Commission
1981
Delors Commission
1985
Santer Commission
1994
Prodi Commission
1999
Barroso Commission
2004
Juncker Commission
2014
Von der Leyen Commission
2019
Topics
History of Europe
History of the euro
History of defence integration
History of enlargement
List of presidents
List of founders
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Between 1993 and 2009, the European Union (EU) legally comprised three pillars. This structure was introduced with the Treaty of Maastricht on 1 November 1993, and was eventually abandoned on 1 December 2009 upon the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, when the EU obtained a consolidated legal personality.
The European Communities pillar handled economic, social and environmental policies. It comprised the European Community (EC), the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC, until its expiry in 2002), and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM).
The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) pillar took care of foreign policy and military matters.
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCCM) brought together co-operation in the fight against crime. This pillar was originally named Justice and Home Affairs (JHA)
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