Contrast agent for imaging, no longer used clinically
Thorotrast bottle
Thorotrast is a suspension containing particles of the radioactive compound thorium dioxide, ThO2; it was used as a radiocontrast agent in clinical radiography in the 1930s to 1950s. It is no longer used clinically.
Thorium compounds produce excellent images because of thorium's high opacity to X-rays (it has a high cross section for absorption). However, thorium is retained in the body, and it is radioactive, emitting harmful alpha radiation as it decays. Because the suspension offered high image quality and had virtually no immediate side-effects compared to the alternatives available at the time, Thorotrast became widely used after its introduction in 1931. António Egas Moniz contributed to its development.[1] About 2 to 10 million patients worldwide have been treated with Thorotrast. However, today it has shown an increase risk in certain cancers such as cholangiocarcinomas, angiosarcomas, hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic fibrosis of the liver.
Thorotrast is a suspension containing particles of the radioactive compound thorium dioxide, ThO2; it was used as a radiocontrast agent in clinical radiography...
contrast agent in that it displaces blood when injected intravascularly. Thorotrast was a contrast agent based on thorium dioxide, which is radioactive. It...
used to visualize staining of tissue, such as spinal cord samples with thorotrast, which contains thorium that is opaque to X-rays. Over recent decades...
preparation of sulfuric acid. Thorium dioxide was the primary ingredient in Thorotrast, a once-common radiocontrast agent used for cerebral angiography, however...
but emitters are carcinogenic when inhaled or ingested. For example, Thorotrast, a (incidentally radioactive) suspension previously used as a contrast...
surgical resection. Despite being associated with arsenic, vinyl chloride, thorotrast and other chemicals, 75% of liver angiosarcomas have no known cause. Men...
Asia, have been strongly associated with cholangiocarcinoma. Exposure to Thorotrast, a form of thorium dioxide which was used as a radiologic contrast medium...
the metal. Barium sulfate is also readily removed from the body, unlike Thorotrast, which it replaced. Due to the relatively high atomic number (Z = 56)...
following administration of Thorotrast. Typical onset of disease is 30-35 years after exposure. The biological half-life of Thorotrast is approximately 400 years...
associated with liver angiosarcoma. Exposure to vinyl chloride, arsenic, thorotrast, radium, phenylhydrazine and use of androgens is known to contribute to...
choledochal cysts, past procedures of the biliary tree, exposure to thorotrast and dioxins, and cirrhosis. This cancer is usually asymptomatic until...
the body (upon being inhaled, ingested, or injected, as with the use of Thorotrast for high-quality X-ray images prior to the 1950s), alpha radiation is...
uranium-233, which is the basis of the thorium fuel cycle. In the form of Thorotrast, a thorium dioxide suspension, it was used as a contrast medium in early...
encountered in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)), arsenic and Thorotrast all are associated with an increased risk of angiosarcoma. Lymphedema...
neurologist Egas Moniz at the University of Lisbon, who also helped develop thorotrast for use in the procedure. Typically a catheter is inserted into a large...
asbestos and nitrosamines, and the use of the radiologic contrast agent, Thorotrast (thorium dioxide), are considered to be risk factors for the development...
chloride, combined oral contraceptive pill, anabolic steroid, arsenic, thorotrast This remains a challenge in clinical practice due to a lack of reliable...
with irradiation of the chest or abdomen, intrapleural thorium dioxide (thorotrast) as a contrast medium, and inhalation of other fibrous silicates, such...
includes the introduction of high density contrast material (barium, iodine, thorotrast, thorium) or radio-opaque catheters and tubes. Patients who are pregnant...
radiography but its use has been discontinued. It was sold under the name Thorotrast. Protactinium-231 occurs naturally in uranium ores such as pitchblende...
Jens Jørgen Espersen received the Cavling Prize for his covering of the Thorotrast scandal. Media of Denmark "Erik Ritzau". Dansk Biografisk Leksikon (in...
and Tubal Insufflation" (1956) "Late changes in spleen and liver due to thorotrast and their significance" (1958) Esther Silveus married Elmer S. Carlson...
radiography but its use has been discontinued. It was sold under the name Thorotrast. Uranium is about as abundant as arsenic or molybdenum. Significant concentrations...
Birmingham, Ward was sent by the Atomic Energy Research Establishment to study Thorotrast poisoning at the Finsen Institute in Denmark for two years. This work...
Finsen Institute to investigate the effects of the radiocontrast agent thorotrast. Levi was a consultant at the Danish National Board of Health from 1952...
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