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Temperature anomaly information


Various global surface temperature datasets originally had different reference periods, but for meaningful comparison have been adjusted to have the same "0 °C" reference temperature. Without such an adjustment, the traces would be vertically offset from each other. Here, the "0 °C" value is determined based the average for 1850-1900—considered to be the "pre-industrial" temperature—and does not indicate an absolute measured temperature of "0 °C".

Temperature anomaly is the difference, positive or negative, of a temperature from a base or reference value, normally chosen as an average of temperatures over a certain reference or base period. In atmospheric sciences, the average temperature is commonly calculated over a period of at least 30 years over a homogeneous geographic region, or globally over the entire planet.

Temperatures are obtained from surface and offshore weather stations or inferred from meteorological satellite data. Temperature anomalies can be calculated based on datasets of near-surface and upper-air atmospheric temperatures or sea surface temperatures.

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Temperature anomaly

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Temperature anomaly is the difference, positive or negative, of a temperature from a base or reference value, normally chosen as an average of temperatures...

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Instrumental temperature record

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Surface temperature data is usually presented as anomalies rather than as absolute values. A temperature anomaly is presented compared to a reference value...

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Cold blob

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Atlantic (also called the North Atlantic warming hole) describes a cold temperature anomaly of ocean surface waters, affecting the Atlantic Meridional Overturning...

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Yield strength anomaly

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strength anomaly refers to materials wherein the yield strength (i.e., the stress necessary to initiate plastic yielding) increases with temperature. For...

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Curie temperature

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Mutsuo; Toriyama, Motohiro; Niihara, Koichi (March 1998). "Curie temperature Anomaly in Lead Zirconate Titanate/Silver Composites". Journal of the American...

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Global temperature record

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Surface temperature data is usually presented as anomalies rather than as absolute values. A temperature anomaly is presented compared to a reference value...

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Little Ice Age

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proxy data, that the glacier contributed to a −0.56 °C (−1.01 °F) temperature anomaly over the course of the Little Ice Age in New Zealand. Based on dating...

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Satellite temperature measurement

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Temperature Anomaly". 31 December 2019. Archived from the original on 12 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014. "Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly"...

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1815 eruption of Mount Tambora

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M. et al. Tonga eruption increases chance of temporary surface temperature anomaly above 1.5 °C. Nat. Clim. Chang. 13, 127–129 (2023). https://doi.org/10...

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Volcanic winter

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directly caused by massive volcanic injections of SO2. Hemispheric temperature anomalies resulting from volcanic eruptions have primarily been reconstructed...

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Lofoten

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The archipelago experiences one of the world's largest elevated temperature anomalies relative to its high latitude. Lofoten (Old Norse: Lófótr) was the...

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Year Without a Summer

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food shortages across the Northern Hemisphere. Evidence suggests that the anomaly was predominantly a volcanic winter event caused by the massive 1815 eruption...

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Recharge oscillator

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this phase the SST temperature anomaly has cooled to zero. Therefore, also the wind stress anomaly, which was caused by the SST anomaly, vanishes. As a consequence...

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Temperature

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Temperature is a physical quantity that quantitatively expresses the attribute of hotness or coldness, which is defined as the average kinetic energy...

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Warming stripes

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respective ranges of temperature anomaly), and colour choice (shades of blue and red), as well as temperature boundaries (temperature above which a stripe...

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Global surface temperature

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become critically endangered.: 259  Global temperature record Instrumental temperature record Temperature anomaly PAGES 2k Consortium (2019). "Consistent...

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Climate of Scotland

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of Great Britain, so temperatures are generally lower than in the rest of the British Isles, with the coldest ever UK temperature of −27.2 °C (−17.0 °F)...

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Atlantic Equatorial mode

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surprisingly, this sea surface temperature anomaly is closely related to a change in the climatological trade winds. A warm anomaly is associated with relaxed...

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Sea surface temperature

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Sea surface temperature (SST), or ocean surface temperature, is the ocean temperature close to the surface. The exact meaning of surface varies in the...

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Weather

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troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers to day-to-day temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions, whereas climate is...

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Supervolcano

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that may have caused a global volcanic winter Volcanic winter – Temperature anomaly event caused by a volcanic eruption The term was first used in Conquering...

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2023 heat waves

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on 8 September 2023. "Copernicus: September 2023 – unprecedented temperature anomalies; 2023 on track to be the warmest year on record". climate.copernicus...

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Environmental science

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studying the dangers of fossil fuels. After a 1.3 degrees Celsius temperature anomaly was found in the Atlantic Ocean in the 1940s, however, scientists...

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Pacific decadal oscillation

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limits sea surface temperature anomalies so that the spectra became white. Thus an atmospheric white noise generates SST anomalies at much longer timescales...

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Lightning

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be increasing linearly with the NOAA global temperature anomaly and grew by a factor of 3 as the anomaly increased from 0.65 to 0.95 °C Paleolightning...

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2022 European heatwaves

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(104–109 °F) were recorded in parts of Europe, with most severe temperature anomalies in France, where several records were broken. A second more severe...

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