Stochastic thermodynamics is an emergent field of research in statistical mechanics that uses stochastic variables to better understand the non-equilibrium dynamics present in many microscopic systems[1] such as colloidal particles, biopolymers (e.g. DNA, RNA, and proteins), enzymes, and molecular motors.[a][5][clarify]
^Peliti & Pigolotti 2021, p. [page needed].
^Campisi et al. 2011, p. 3; Jarzynski 2011, p. 347.
^Bertini et al. 2015, p. 4; Bechinger et al. 2016, p. 45.
^Campisi et al. 2011, p. 3; Seifert 2012, p. 10; Bechinger et al. 2016, p. 45.
^Seifert 2012, p. 7.
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