Quantum number parameterizing spin and angular momentum
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In physics and chemistry, the spin quantum number is a quantum number (designated s) that describes the intrinsic angular momentum (or spin angular momentum, or simply spin) of an electron or other particle. It has the same value for all particles of the same type, such as s = 1/2 for all electrons. It is an integer for all bosons, such as photons, and a half-odd-integer for all fermions, such as electrons and protons.
The component of the spin along a specified axis is given by the spin magnetic quantum number, conventionally written ms.[1][2] The value of ms is the component of spin angular momentum, in units of the reduced Planck constant ħ, parallel to a given direction (conventionally labelled the z–axis). It can take values ranging from +s to −s in integer increments. For an electron, ms can be either ++1/2 or −+1/2 .
^Pauling, Linus (1960). The nature of the chemical bond and the structure of molecules and crystals: an introduction to modern structural chemistry. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-0333-2. OCLC 545520.
^"ISO 80000-10:2019". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
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