Speech and language impairment are basic categories that might be drawn in issues of communication involve hearing, speech, language, and fluency.
A speech impairment is characterized by difficulty in articulation of words. Examples include stuttering or problems producing particular sounds. Articulation refers to the sounds, syllables, and phonology produced by the individual. An example may include substituting one sound for another or leaving out sounds. Voice, however, may refer to the characteristics of the sounds produced—specifically, the pitch, quality, and intensity of the sound. Often, fluency will also be considered a category under speech, encompassing the characteristics of rhythm, rate, and emphasis of the sound produced.[1]
A language impairment is a specific deficiency in understanding and sharing thoughts and ideas, i.e. a disorder that involves the processing of linguistic information. Problems that may be experienced can involve the form of language, including grammar, morphology, syntax; and the functional aspects of language, including semantics and pragmatics.[1]
An individual can have one or both types of impairment. These impairments/disorders are identified by a speech and language pathologist performing a direct observation of the child, using interviews and questionnaires completed by parents/teachers and an assessment of their learning ability.
^ abBatshaw, Mark L (2002). Children with disabilities. Vol. 5. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes. ISBN 978-0-86433-137-3. OCLC 608999305.
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Specific languageimpairment (SLI) (the term developmental language disorder is preferred by some) is diagnosed when a child's language does not develop...
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an impairment in systems used in reading Dysgraphia – an impairment in the systems used in writing cluttering - a syndrome characterized by a speech delivery...
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Origin of speechSpeechandlanguageimpairment Morgan AT, Vogel AP (March 2009). "A Cochrane review of treatment for childhood apraxia of speech". European...
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A lisp is a speechimpairment in which a person misarticulates sibilants ([s], [z], [ts], [dz], [ʃ], [ʒ], [t͡ʃ], [d͡ʒ]). These misarticulations often...
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condition in which there is a major impairment of language comprehension, while speech retains a natural-sounding rhythm and a relatively normal sentence structure...
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are also speech sound disorders in that the errors relate to the use of phonemes. This makes them different from specific languageimpairment, which is...
cognitive impairments, autism, Down syndrome, specific languageimpairment, multisensory impairmentand acquired neurological disorders that have negatively...
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