The five aggregates of clinging: form, sensations, perceptions, ideas, and consciousness
This article is about a term in Buddhist phenomenology. For Jain use, see Skandha (Jainism).
Not to be confused with Skanda.
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Translations of skandha
English
Aggregate, mass, heap
Sanskrit
स्कन्ध (skandha)
Pali
खन्ध (khandha)
Bengali
স্কন্ধ (skawndhaw)
Burmese
ခန္ဓာ (ငါးပါး)။ (MLCTS: kʰàɰ̃dà)
Chinese
蘊(T) / 蕴(S) (Pinyin: yùn)
Japanese
蘊 (Rōmaji: un)
Khmer
បញ្ចក្ខន្ធ (UNGEGN: pănhchăkkhăn)
Korean
온 (RR: on)
Mongolian
ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠰ (tsogtsas)
Shan
ၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ ([khan2thaa2])
Sinhala
ස්කන්ධ (skandha)
Tibetan
ཕུང་པོ་ (phung po)
Tagalog
skandha
Thai
ขันธ์
Vietnamese
Ngũ uẩn
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Skandhas (Sanskrit) or khandhas (Pāḷi) means "heaps, aggregates, collections, groupings".[1] In Buddhism, it refers to the five aggregates of clinging (Pañcupādānakkhandhā), the five material and mental factors that take part in the rise of craving and clinging.
They are also explained as the five factors that constitute and explain a sentient being's person and personality,[2][3][4] but this is a later interpretation in response to Sarvāstivādin essentialism. The 14th Dalai Lama subscribes to this interpretation.[5]
The five aggregates or heaps of clinging are:
form (or material image, impression) (rupa)
sensations (or feelings, received from form) (vedana)
perceptions (samjna)
mental activity or formations or influences of a previous life (sanskara)
discernment (vijnana).[6][7][8]
In the Theravada tradition, suffering arises when one identifies with or clings to the aggregates. This suffering is extinguished by relinquishing attachments to aggregates. Both the Theravada and Mahayana traditions assert that the nature of all aggregates is intrinsically empty of independent existence and that these aggregates do not constitute a "self" of any kind.
^Cite error: The named reference DavidsStede1921p232 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. pp. 708, 721–723, 827–828. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8.
^Harvey 2013, p. 55.
^Steven M. Emmanuel (2015). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 193, 232–233, 421–425. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.
^The Tibetan Book of the Dead. Translated by Dorje, Gyurnme; Coleman, Graham; Jinpa, Thupten. Introductory commentary by the 14th Dalai Lama (First American ed.). New York: Viking Press. 2005. pp. xiii. ISBN 0-670-85886-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^Steven M. Emmanuel (2015). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 587–588. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.
^Skandha Encyclopædia Britannica (2013)
^Karunamuni ND (May 2015). "The Five-Aggregate Model of the Mind". SAGE Open. 5 (2): 215824401558386. doi:10.1177/2158244015583860.
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