Anthem: ਦੇਗ ਤੇਗ ਫ਼ਤਿਹ Dēg Tēg Fateh "Victory to Charity and Arms"
Map of the Sikh Confederacy (1782)
Status
Confederacy
Capital
Amritsar
Language
Punjabi
Religion
Sikhism
Government
Aristocratic republican confederation[1]
Jathedar
• 1748–1753
Nawab Kapur Singh
• 1753–1783
Jassa Singh Ahluwalia
• 1783–1799
Naina Singh
Legislature
Sarbat Khalsa
History
• Passing of Gurmata to establish the Sikh Confederacy
29 March 1748
• Ranjit Singh unites the Sikh Confederacy into the Sikh Empire
7 July 1799
Currency
Nanakshahi
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Durrani Empire
Mughal Empire
Sikh Empire
Cis-Sutlej states
Today part of
India Pakistan
The Sikh Confederacy was a confederation of twelve sovereign states (each known as a Misl, derived from the Arabic word مِثْل meaning 'equal'; sometimes spelt as Misal)[2][3][4][5] which rose during the 18th century in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent and is cited as one of the causes of the weakening of the Mughal Empire prior to Nader Shah's invasion of India (1738–1740).[6]
^Singh, Khushwant (26 March 2024). A History of the Sikhs: 1469-1838. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-567308-1.
^Herrli, Hans (1993). The Coins of the Sikhs. p. 11. The word misl seems to have been derived from an Arabic word meaning: equal.
^Heath, Ian (1 January 2005). "The Sikh Army". Osprey. ISBN 9781841767772. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
^"The Khalsa Era". Nishan Sahib. 2011. Retrieved 9 June 2013.
^Kaur, Prabhjot; Sharma, Rohita (3 June 2021). "CONTRIBUTION OF SIKH MISLS IN GREAT SIKH HISTORY" (PDF). Impact Journals. 9 (6): 20.
The SikhConfederacy was a confederation of twelve sovereign states (each known as a Misl, derived from the Arabic word مِثْل meaning 'equal'; sometimes...
related to Sikh Empire. Article on Coins of the Sikh Empire SikhConfederacy Archived 1 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine Confederacy of Punjab Sikh Kingdom...
The First Sikh State was a breakaway and short lived sovereign Sikh state during the 18th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent that...
and 1839 Powhatan Confederacy, a group of Native American tribes on the Atlantic coast governed by a single chief SikhConfederacy, a group of states...
Sikhism (/ˈsɪkɪzəm/ SIK-iz-əm), also known as Sikhi (Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖੀ Sikkhī, [ˈsɪk.kʰiː] , from ਸਿੱਖ, Sikh, 'disciple / learner'), is an Indian religion...
prominent Sikh leader during the period of the SikhConfederacy. He was the founder of the Ramgarhia Misl. Jassa Singh Ramgarhia was born into a Sikh family...
least eight of the 12 Misls of the SikhConfederacy were led by Jat Sikhs, who would form the vast majority of Sikh chiefs. According to censuses in gazetteers...
Sikh architecture is a style of architecture that was developed under the SikhConfederacy and Sikh Empire during the 18th and 19th centuries in the Punjab...
Sikhs and Hindus. Subsequently, Sikhism militarised itself to oppose Mughal hegemony. The emergence of the SikhConfederacy under the misls and Sikh Empire...
was a Sikh warrior from the 18th century who served under the Shaheedan Misl of the Sikhconfederacy. Gurbaksh Singh along with 29 other Sikh warriors...
were ordered to be executed. The Sikhs were brought to Delhi in a procession with the 780 Sikh prisoners, 2,000 Sikh heads hung on spears, and 700 cartloads...
The Kanhaiya Misl was one of the twelve misls of the SikhConfederacy. It had been founded by Sandhu Jats. Jai Singh Sandhu (son of Khushal Singh) of the...
region. The Sandhus played an important role in the Sikh history. During the period of the SikhConfederacy, Sandhus ruled several sovereign states (misls)...
1753) was a major Sikh leader who led the community during the early-to-mid 18th century. He was the organizer of the SikhConfederacy and its military...
formed under Jassa Singh Ahluwalia. The Confederacy of these states was unified and transformed into the Sikh Empire under Maharaja Ranjit Singh. This...
The Sukerchakia Misl was one of twelve Sikh misls in Punjab during the 18th century, concentrated in Gujranwala and Hafizabad districts in western Punjab...
and Yamuna. He joined the Singh Krora Misl, one of the misls during SikhConfederacy. In 1765, Singh became the leader of the misl. Baghel Singh was born...
Bombay. pp. 286–287. Gupta, Hari (2007). History of the Sikhs Vol II Evolution of the SikhConfederacies. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 978-81-215-0248-1...
of battles and campaigns between Mughal and Sikh armies, which started with the martyrdom of the fifth Sikh guru, Guru Arjan Dev in 1606, on the orders...
hegemony of the SikhConfederacy is one of the darkest annals in Sikh history, with the Khalsa Fauj fighting for the very survival of the Sikh community faced...
by the confederacy of Sikh Misls. The Misls ruled over the eastern Punjab from 1733 to 1799, until their confederacy was unified into the Sikh Empire...
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