Ethnoreligious subgroup on the Indian subcontinent
Jat Sikh
ਜੱਟ ਸਿੱਖ
Regions with significant populations
India
Languages
Punjabi and its dialects[1] • Lahnda • Hindi • Urdu
Religion
Sikhism
Related ethnic groups
Jat people
Jat Sikh or Jatt Sikh (Gurmukhi: ਜੱਟ ਸਿੱਖ) is an ethnoreligious group and a subgroup of the Jat people and the Sikh people from the Indian subcontinent. They are one of the dominant communities in the Punjab, India owing to their large land holdings.[2] They form an estimated 20–25% of the population of the Indian state of Punjab.[3][4][5] They form at least half of the Sikh population in Punjab, with some sources estimating them to be about 60–66% appx. two-third of the Sikh population.[6][7][8][9][10][11]
^Schreffler, Gibb (2021). Dhol : drummers, identities, and modern Punjab. Urbana. ISBN 9780252053016. Whereas "Punjabi" functions as a cultural identity based on region, the degree to which it corresponds to an identity based on ethnicity is a question that this book explores through focus on the lives of peoples of Punjab origin who are pushed to the margins. The question is aggravated most prominently by a tendency to privilege a particular ethnic group, the Jatt, as the group most synonymous with Punjabi identity. The Jatt were a pastoral tribal people with origins in Central Asia who settled in Punjab and whose lifestyle, by the sixteenth century, had transformed into an agricultural one (Habib 2005, 66-68). As one of the well-established ethnicities of the region, they have greatly influenced cultural values. As a result especially of their role as landowners in a region where agriculture has been of great economic importance, Jatts, who also are the largest ethnic group, have become representative of Punjabi culture. It is telling that, in the seventeenth century, the language of the Sikh Gurus was described by a Persian-language author as "the language of the Jats of Punjab" (Grewal 2004a, 11)-even though the Gurus themselves were not Jatts. Further, when one combines ethnic and religious identity, one finds Jatt Sikhs occupy a perceived center, in international and mainstream Punjabi discourse, of the (India-based) Punjabi identity. Anthropologist Nicola Mooney has explored the intersection of both normative Jatt and Sikh identities, theorizing that Jatt Sikhs often participate in a "rural imaginary," a framework in which they imagine themselves as "central arbiter of [Punjab's] predominantly village-based culture" (2013, 279). It is not that Jatt Sikhs believe they are the only people with a claim to Punjabi identity. Rather, Jatt Sikh claims to Punjabi identity are unimpeachable, and they appear to be the group that most consistently and most exclusively identifies with Punjab.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Nicola Mooney (1995). "The Yeoman Jats of Punjab: Time, Expertise and the Colonial Construction of Jat Sikh Identity". Anthropologica. 55 (2). Anthropologica, vol. 55, no. 2, 2013, pp. 277–290: 277–290. JSTOR 24467328.
^"The Jats in Punjab comprise only 21 per cent population of the total 60 per cent Sikhs, yet they have been ruling and dominating politics in Punjab for decades". India Today. 16 January 2012. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
^Pandher, Sarabjit (24 December 2013). "Parties in Punjab decry exclusion of Jat Sikhs from reservation". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 9 December 2020. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
^"Congress for OBC quota to Jat Sikhs". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
^E. Marty, Martin; R. Scott Appleby (1991). "Chapter 10". Fundamentalisms observed. The University of Chicago Press. p. 623. ISBN 0-226-50878-1. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
^Taylor, S., Singh, M., Booth, D. (2007) Migration, development and inequality: Eastern Punjabi transnationalism. School of Social Sciences and Law, University of Teesside, Middlesbrough, UK; Department of Sociology, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India.
^Puri, H. K. (2003) The Scheduled Castes in the Sikh Community – A Historical Perspective. Economic & Political Weekly (28 June 2003); Dalits in Regional Context (2004).
^Judge, Paramjit S. (2015). "Caste Hierarchy, Dominance, and Change in Punjab". Sociological Bulletin. 64 (1): 55–76. doi:10.1177/0038022920150104. ISSN 0038-0229. JSTOR 26290720.
^Martha Crenshaw (1995). Terrorism in context. Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-01015-1.
^E. Marty, Martin; R. Scott Appleby (1991). "Chapter 10". Fundamentalisms observed. The University of Chicago Press. p. 623. ISBN 0-226-50878-1. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
JatSikh or Jatt Sikh (Gurmukhi: ਜੱਟ ਸਿੱਖ) is an ethnoreligious group and a subgroup of the Jat people and the Sikh people from the Indian subcontinent...
in the development of the martial Khalsa panth of Sikhism. By the 20th century, the landowning Jats became an influential group in several parts of North...
worshipped as a deity in whole Rajasthan Akali Phula Singh, Sikh warrior and a Nihang leader Ala Singh Jat, Maharaja of Patiala Ali Mohammad Khan, ruler of Rohailkhand...
Its soldiers are solely recruited from JatSikhs and its officers are non-JatSikhs. They are trained at the Sikh Regimental Centre, currently located in...
Punjab Sikhism in Jammu and Kashmir Ganga Sagar (urn) JatSikh List of British Sikhs Mazhabi Sikh Sects of SikhismSikhism by country Sikhism in India...
options. The Punjab Police had a majority of JatSikhs and the conflict was referred as "Jat against Jat" by Police Chief Gill. Moderate factions of Akali...
Hindu by religion and usually Brahmin, Bhumihar, Kayastha, Rajput and Jats or Sikh Landlord's(Greater Punjab) by caste. During the colonial era, the Permanent...
a bitter dispute between JatSikhs and Chamars. The Chamars came out in force and confronted the Randhawa and Bains JatSikh landlords, who refused to...
notified the Act on 13 May 2016. The enacted Bill enlisted the Jats of Hindu, Sikh and Muslim jats, Bishnois, Tyagis, and Rors in the recently sculpted Backward...
to: Jats, a community in Northern India and Pakistan Jat Muslim, also spelt Jatt or Jutt, an ethnoreligious group and a sub-group of the JatsJatSikh, also...
the Jat, Sikh, Garhwal and Kumaon Regiment. These are made up of soldiers with a similar background. For example, the Jat Regiment recruits only Jats, the...
remove Sikh militant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and other Sikh separatists from the buildings of the Golden Temple, the holiest site of Sikhism. A long-standing...
Propitious Star of Punjab in 1837. Ranjit Singh was born in a Sandhawalia JatSikh family on 13 November 1780 to Maha Singh and Raj Kaur in Gujranwala, Punjab...
Battle of Gujrat Dal Khalsa, the military forces of the Sikh Confederacy History of Punjab Jat Mahasabha Khap Nalwa, Vanit (2009), Hari Singh Nalwa – Champion...
a Jat clan of present-day India and Pakistan. The members of one particular Sandhanwalia JatSikh family occupied important positions in the Sikh Confederacy...
Singh, JatSikhs consider only themselves as Sikhs and consider Khatris as "bhapas". In Nicola Mooney's opinion, JatSikhs consider Arora Sikhs as "Hindu...
April 1894, the 36th Sikhs of the British Indian Army was created under the command of Colonel J. Cook, entirely composed of JatSikhs. In August 1897, five...
'Matharu or Matharoo (ਮਠਾੜੂ in Gurmukhī script) is a prominent Sikh clan belonging to the JatSikh tribe. Sir Denzil Ibbetson counted the Matharus as one of...
farmers, mostly Jat but also some from communities such as the Labanas and Sainis. Those people, says Singh, have "captured the control of Sikh socio-religious...
officered, by high-caste JatSikhs) and the Sikh Light Infantry (manned entirely by Mazhabi, or Scheduled Caste, "untouchable" Sikhs. Aggarwal, Rashmi (January...
from 1900 to 1938. He was born in a Sidhu royal JatSikh family. Bhupinder Singh was born in a JatSikh family at the Moti Bagh Palace, Patiala and educated...
around the Qila Mubarak (the 'Fortunate Castle') constructed by the Sidhu JatSikh chieftain Ala Singh, who founded the royal dynasty of Patiala State in...
According to Ethne K. Marenco, the JatSikhs were placed at the top in the Sikh caste hierarchy, above the Khatri and Arora Sikhs. In contrast, per the Hindu...
among the JatSikhs—had adopted as their surname, could also be proud of its illustrious Sardars. Singh, Dr. Bhagat (2009). A History of the Sikh Misals...