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Root phenotypic plasticity information


Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of an individual organism to alter its behavior, morphology and physiology in response to changes in environmental conditions.[1] Root phenotypic plasticity enables plants to adapt to an array of biotic and abiotic constraints that limit plant productivity. Even though the exploitation of soil resources through root activity is energetically costly, natural selection favors plants that can direct root activity to exploit efficiently the heterogeneous distribution of soil resources.

Studying how plants adapt their root architecture to abiotic and biotic stressors can give us insights on how to increase food production. This is extremely important since we project our population to gain 2.3 billion people by the year 2050, which will require an increase in food production by 25–70%.[2] Malnutrition afflicts approximately 795 million people, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where one in four people are malnourished. Research on root architecture plasticity of staple crops may help us develop cultivars with increased capacity for soil resource acquisition. Hence, help us improve crop yields in marginal environments.

  1. ^ Schneider, Hannah M.; Lynch, Jonathan P. (15 May 2020). "Should Root Plasticity Be a Crop Breeding Target?". Frontiers in Plant Science. 11: 546. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00546. PMC 7243933. PMID 32499798.
  2. ^ Hunter, Mitchell C.; Smith, Richard G.; Schipanski, Meagan E.; Atwood, Lesley W.; Mortensen, David A. (April 2017). "Agriculture in 2050: Recalibrating Targets for Sustainable Intensification". BioScience. 67 (4): 386–391. doi:10.1093/biosci/bix010.

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Root phenotypic plasticity

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physiology in response to changes in environmental conditions. Root phenotypic plasticity enables plants to adapt to an array of biotic and abiotic constraints...

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Temporal plasticity

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Temporal plasticity, also known as fine-grained environmental adaptation, is a type of phenotypic plasticity that involves the phenotypic change of organisms...

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Sphaeroma terebrans

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phenotypic plasticity, it is difficult to estimate the population of the species because of its similar characteristics to other species. Phenotypic plasticity...

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Allodiplogaster sudhausi

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Diplogastridae, such as Pristionchus pacificus, A. sudhausi displays phenotypic plasticity, with a polyphenism in its adult mouth-form that leads to formation...

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Plantago virginica

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Xinyu; Zheng, Yi; Guo, Hui; Hu, Shuijin (2019-05-16). "The role of phenotypic plasticity and rapid adaptation in determining invasion success of Plantago...

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Universal adaptive strategy theory

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productivity (growth in height, lateral spread, and root mass), and high capacity for phenotypic plasticity. This last feature allows competitors to be highly...

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Vegetative reproduction

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O'Donnell, Aidan J.; Schneider, Petra; Reece, Sarah E. (2017-08-16). "Phenotypic plasticity in reproductive effort: malaria parasites respond to resource availability"...

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Vine

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both deep shade and full sun due to their uniquely wide range of phenotypic plasticity. This climbing action prevents shading by neighbors and allows the...

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Rattlesnake

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(2021-05-31). [> "Innovation and Diversification Via Plasticity-Led Evolution"]. Phenotypic Plasticity & Evolution. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 211–240. doi:10...

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Innate lymphoid cell

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studies suggest their development and phenotypic maintenance is much more complex, with a high level of plasticity between the subsets. Studies have confirmed...

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Morphometrics

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Parsons, K. J.; Sheets, H. D.; Skulason, S.; Ferguson, M. M. (2011). "Phenotypic plasticity, heterochrony and ontogenetic repatterning during juvenile development...

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Helonias

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2009). "Adaptation to an extraordinary environment by evolutionof phenotypic plasticity and genetic assimilation". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 22 (1):...

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Macrocystis

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Kyle W.; Graham, Michael H.; Suskiewicz, Thew S. (December 2009). "Phenotypic plasticity reconciles incongruous molecular and morphological taxonomies: the...

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Nymphaea gardneriana

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gardneriana is a polymorphic species. It exhibits a high degree of phenotypic plasticity and adapts its shape in response to different environmental conditions...

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Nucleus accumbens

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nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle). However, although they are phenotypically equal to their dorsal counterparts, they have some differences in terms...

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Contribution of epigenetic modifications to evolution

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ecologically important plant traits, such as root allocation, drought tolerance, and nutrient plasticity. It also hinted that epigenetic variation alone...

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Bouteloua gracilis

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grama from more arid grasslands are also characterized by greater phenotypic plasticity. It is a larval host to the Garita skipperling, green skipper, Pahaska...

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Invasive species

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intraspecific phenotypic plasticity, pre-adaptation and post-introduction evolution lead to offspring that have higher fitness. Critically, plasticity permits...

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Arabidopsis thaliana

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branching in response to sustained exposure to wind, a display of phenotypic plasticity. On January 2, 2019, China's Chang'e-4 lander brought A. thaliana...

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Developmental noise

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(genetics) Yampolsky LY, Scheiner SR (1994). "Developmental Noise, Phenotypic Plasticity, and Allozyme Heterozygosity in Daphnia". Evolution. 48 (5): 1715–22...

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Prion

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Lancaster AK, Lindquist S (February 2012). "Prions are a common mechanism for phenotypic inheritance in wild yeasts". Nature. 482 (7385): 363–368. Bibcode:2012Natur...

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Armillaria gallica

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Peabody DC, Peabody RB, Tyrrell MG, Towle MJ, Johnson EM (2003). "Phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary potential in somatic cells of Armillaria gallica"...

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Evolution

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2010). "Experimental alteration of DNA methylation affects the phenotypic plasticity of ecologically relevant traits in Arabidopsis thaliana" (PDF)....

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Addiction

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44% cocaine, and 40% cigarettes. Epigenetics is the study of stable phenotypic changes that do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence. Illicit drug...

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Stoma

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doubled CO2 levels. The existence of a feedback mechanism results a phenotypic plasticity in response to [CO2]atm that may have been an adaptive trait in...

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Potamogeton alpinus

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growth form of P. alpinus in response to environmental conditions (phenotypic plasticity) and across its geographical range has led to it accumulating a...

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Dalea searlsiae

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are often unreliable if used to distinguish these species due to phenotypic plasticity. Legume species are in high demand for land revegetation and restoration...

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Cognitive development

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contains the information for phenotypic design. The epigenetic approach to human psychological development – that cascading phenotypic effects are not encoded...

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