insulin injection (soluble),[2] neutral insulin,[2] regular human insulin, human insulin (regular), Toronto insulin
Biosimilars
Myxredlin[3]
AHFS/Drugs.com
Monograph
MedlinePlus
a682611
License data
US DailyMed: Humulin
Routes of administration
Subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous[2]
ATC code
A10AB (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status
CA: ℞-only /Schedule D[3]
US: OTC / Rx-only[4]
Pharmacokinetic data
Onset of action
30 minutes
Duration of action
8 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number
9004-10-8Y 11061-68-0 (insulin human)
ChemSpider
none
UNII
1Y17CTI5SR
Regular insulin, also known as neutral insulin and soluble insulin, is a type of short-acting medical insulin.[2] It is used to treat type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and complications of diabetes such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states.[5] It is also used along with glucose to treat high blood potassium levels.[6] Typically it is given by injection under the skin, but may also be used by injection into a vein or muscle.[2] Onset of effect is typically in 30 minutes and it typically lasts for 8 hours.[5]
The common side effect is low blood sugar.[5] Other side effects may include pain or skin changes at the sites of injection, low blood potassium, and allergic reactions.[5] Use during pregnancy is relatively safe for the baby.[5] Regular insulin can be made from the pancreas of pigs or cows.[2] Human versions can be made either by modifying pig versions or recombinant technology.[2]
Insulin was first used as a medication in Canada by Charles Best and Frederick Banting in 1922.[7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] In 2017, it was the 209th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2million prescriptions.[9] Versions are also available mixed with longer-acting versions of insulin, such as NPH insulin.[2] In 2020, the combination of human insulin with insulin isophane was the 246th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2million prescriptions.[10][11]
^"insulin regular human (OTC) – Humulin R, Novolin R". Archived from the original on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
^ abcdefghiBritish national formulary : BNF 69 (69th ed.). British Medical Association. 2015. p. 464472. ISBN 9780857111562.
^ ab"Summary Basis of Decision - Myxredlin". Health Canada. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
^"Humulin R U-500- insulin human injection, solution Humulin R U-500 Kwikpen- insulin human injection, solution". DailyMed. 27 June 2022. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
^ abcdeAmerican Society of Health-System Pharmacists. "Insulin Human". drugs.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
^Mahoney BA, Smith WA, Lo DS, Tsoi K, Tonelli M, Clase CM (April 2005). "Emergency interventions for hyperkalaemia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005 (2): CD003235. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003235.pub2. PMC 6457842. PMID 15846652.
^Fleishman JL, Kohler JS, Schindler S (2009). Casebook for The Foundation a Great American Secret. New York: PublicAffairs. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-7867-3425-2. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017.
^World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^"Insulin Human - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
^"The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
^"Insulin Human; Insulin Isophane Human - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
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