Not to be confused with pyridoxol, which is pyridoxine.
Pyridoxal
Idealised skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model based on the crystal structure.[1][2] Note that the acidic phenol group has donated a proton to the basic pyridine group to form a zwitterion, and the hydroxymethyl group has reacted with the aldehyde group to form a hemiacetal.
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
Chemical compound
Pyridoxal is one form of vitamin B6.
Some medically relevant bacteria, such as those in the genera Granulicatella and Abiotrophia, require pyridoxal for growth. This nutritional requirement can lead to the culture phenomenon of satellite growth. In in vitro culture, these pyridoxal-dependent bacteria may only grow in areas surrounding colonies of bacteria from other genera ("satellitism") that are capable of producing pyridoxal.
Pyridoxal is involved in what is believed to be the most ancient reaction of aerobic metabolism on Earth, about 2.9 billion years ago, a forerunner of the Great Oxidation Event.[3]
^"CSD Entry: BIHKEI01". Cambridge Structural Database: Access Structures. Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre. 1985. Archived from the original on 2023-11-04. Retrieved 2023-11-04.
^MacLaurin, C. L.; Richardson, M. F. (1985). "Pyridoxal, C8H9NO3, and pyridoxamine dihydrate, C8H12N2O2.2H2O". Acta Crystallogr. C. 41 (2): 261–263. Bibcode:1985AcCrC..41..261M. doi:10.1107/S0108270185003547.
^"Protein Domain Structure Uncovers the Origin of Aerobic Metabolism and the Rise of Planetary Oxygen", Gustavo Caetano-Anolles et al., published in Structure; paper available from University of Illinois News Bureau, 2012.
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. The International...
Pyridoxal is one form of vitamin B6. Some medically relevant bacteria, such as those in the genera Granulicatella and Abiotrophia, require pyridoxal for...
which can be interconverted in biological systems. Its active form, pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, serves as a coenzyme in more than 140 enzyme reactions in...
In enzymology, a pyridoxal kinase (EC 2.7.1.35) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + pyridoxal ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }...
In enzymology, a pyridoxal oxidase (EC 1.2.3.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction pyridoxal + H2O + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons...
be gained from the results of theoretical calculations. For example, pyridoxal phosphate, a form of vitamin B6, in aqueous solution is predicted to have...
Metafolin, a calcium salt of vitamin B9), methylcobalamin (vitamin B12) and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (vitamin B6). It is a vitamin B supplement. Metanx is indicated...
four transsulfuration enzymes require vitamin B6 in its active form (pyridoxal phosphate or PLP). Three of these enzymes (cystathionine γ-synthase excluded)...
organic prosthetic groups are vitamin derivatives: thiamine pyrophosphate, pyridoxal-phosphate and biotin. Since prosthetic groups are often vitamins or made...
AspAT/ASAT/AAT or (serum) glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT, SGOT), is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.1) that was first...
niacin (vitamin B3) and the conversion of vitamin B6 to the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate requires FMN. Riboflavin is involved in maintaining normal...
or proteolipid protein 2, associated with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease Pyridoxal phosphate, a coenzyme, the active form of vitamin B6 Packet Layer Protocol...
becomes an amino acid.[citation needed] Transaminases require the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate, which is converted into pyridoxamine in the first half-reaction...
six naturally occurring vitamers of vitamin B6 including pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine as well as a 5'-phosphate derivative of each. All six...
pyruvate + L-glutamate ALT (and all aminotransferases) require the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate, which is converted into pyridoxamine in the first phase of...
dopamine by the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), with pyridoxal phosphate as the cofactor. Dopamine itself is also used as precursor in...
Catholic writings published by Jacques-Paul Migne between 1841 and 1855 Pyridoxal, one form of vitamin B6 Pulchellidin (Pl), an anthocyanidin Phospholipid...
source of histamine in most mammals and eukaryotes. The enzyme employs a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) cofactor, in similarity to many amino acid decarboxylases...
retinal, which forms with opsins photoreceptors, and (8) the vitamin pyridoxal. Traces of many aldehydes are found in essential oils and often contribute...
(September 1981). "Evaluation of blood culture media for isolation of pyridoxal-dependent Streptococcus mitior (mitis)". J. Clin. Microbiol. 14 (3): 266–72...
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