Propionic acid information

Propionic acid
Simplified skeletal formula	Full structural formula
Ball-and-stick model	Space-filling model
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Propanoic acid
	Other names Carboxyethane; Ethanecarboxylic acid; Ethylformic acid; Metacetonic acid; Methylacetic acid; C3:0 (Lipid numbers)
Identifiers
CAS Number	Propionic acid: 79-09-4 ; Propionate: 72-03-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Propionic acid: Interactive image; Propionate: Interactive image;
ChEBI	Propionic acid: CHEBI:30768 ;
ChEMBL	Propionic acid: ChEMBL14021 ;
ChemSpider	Propionic acid: 1005 ; Propionate: 94556;
DrugBank	Propionic acid: DB03766 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.070
EC Number	Propionic acid: 201-176-3;
E number	E280 (preservatives)
IUPHAR/BPS	Propionic acid: 1062;
PubChem CID	Propionic acid: 1032; Propionate: 104745;
RTECS number	Propionic acid: UE5950000;
UNII	Propionic acid: JHU490RVYR ; Propionate: AKW5EM890C ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	Propionic acid: DTXSID8025961 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C3H6O2/c1-2-3(4)5/h2H2,1H3,(H,4,5) Key: XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	SMILES Propionic acid: CCC(=O)O; Propionate: CCC(=O)[O-];
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H6O2
Molar mass	74.079 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless, oily liquid
Odor	Pungent, rancid, unpleasant
Density	0.98797 g/cm3
Melting point	−20.5 °C (−4.9 °F; 252.7 K)
Boiling point	141.15 °C (286.07 °F; 414.30 K)
Sublimation; conditions	Sublimes at −48 °C; ΔsublHo = 74 kJ/mol
Solubility in water	8.19 g/g (−28.3 °C); 34.97 g/g (−23.9 °C); Miscible (≥ −19.3 °C)
Solubility	Miscible in EtOH, ether, CHCl; 3
log P	0.33
Vapor pressure	0.32 kPa (20 °C); 0.47 kPa (25 °C); 9.62 kPa (100 °C)
Henry's law; constant (kH)	4.45·10−4 L·atm/mol
Acidity (pKa)	4.88
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-43.50·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3843
Viscosity	1.175 cP (15 °C); 1.02 cP (25 °C); 0.668 cP (60 °C); 0.495 cP (90 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	Monoclinic (−95 °C)
Space group	P21/c
Lattice constant	a = 4.04 Å, b = 9.06 Å, c = 11 Å α = 90°, β = 91.25°, γ = 90°
Dipole moment	0.63 D (22 °C)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	152.8 J/mol·K
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	191 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−510.8 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	1527.3 kJ/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Corrosive
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H314
Precautionary statements	P280, P305+P351+P338, P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 2 0
Flash point	54 °C (129 °F; 327 K)
Autoignition; temperature	512 °C (954 °F; 785 K)
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	1370 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	none
REL (Recommended)	TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) ST 15 ppm (45 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	N.D.
Related compounds
Related Carboxylic acids	Acetic acid; Lactic acid; 3-Hydroxypropionic acid; Tartronic acid; Acrylic acid; Butyric acid
Related compounds	1-Propanol; Propionaldehyde; Sodium propionate; Propionic anhydride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Propionic acid (/proʊpiˈɒnɪk/, from the Greek words πρῶτος : prōtos, meaning "first", and πίων : píōn, meaning "fat"; also known as propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH
₃CH
₂CO
₂H. It is a liquid with a pungent and unpleasant smell somewhat resembling body odor. The anion CH
₃CH
₂CO⁻
₂ as well as the salts and esters of propionic acid are known as propionates or propanoates.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0529". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Lagowski, J.J., ed. (2012). The Chemistry of Nonaqueous Solvents. Vol. III. Elsevier. p. 362. ISBN 978-0323151030.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Propanoic acid in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 13 June 2014)
^ Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). D. Van Nostrand Company. p. 569.
^ ^a ^b ^c "chemister.ru (archived copy)". Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e CID 1032 from PubChem
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Sigma-Aldrich Co., Propionic acid. Retrieved on 13 June 2014.
^ ^a ^b Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c Strieter, F. J.; Templeton, D. H.; Scheuerman, R. F.; Sass, R. L. (1962). "The crystal structure of propionic acid". Acta Crystallographica. 15 (12): 1233–1239. Bibcode:1962AcCry..15.1233S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X62003278.

[PGCH-1] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0529". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[cons3-2] Lagowski, J.J., ed. (2012). The Chemistry of Nonaqueous Solvents. Vol. III. Elsevier. p. 362. ISBN 978-0323151030.

[nist-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Propanoic acid in Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD) (retrieved 13 June 2014)

[sioc-4] Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). D. Van Nostrand Company. p. 569.

[chemister-5] "chemister.ru (archived copy)". Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2014.

[pubchem-6] CID 1032 from PubChem

[sigma-7] Sigma-Aldrich Co., Propionic acid. Retrieved on 13 June 2014.

[crc-8] Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.

[csba-9] Strieter, F. J.; Templeton, D. H.; Scheuerman, R. F.; Sass, R. L. (1962). "The crystal structure of propionic acid". Acta Crystallographica. 15 (12): 1233–1239. Bibcode:1962AcCry..15.1233S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X62003278.

Propionic acid information

and 22 Related for: Propionic acid information

Propionic acid

Propionic acidemia

Dimethylolpropionic acid

Propionic anhydride

Lactic acid

Carboxylic acid

Ethyl propionate

Pyruvic acid

Formic acid

Sodium propionate

Propionyl chloride

Cutibacterium acnes

Heme

Acetic acid

Analgesic

Indole

Methyl propionate

List of saturated fatty acids

Auxin

Ibuprofen

Vitamin B12 total synthesis

Xanthoproteic acid