Pope Urban II depicted in a c. late 12th-century – early 13th-century miniature, now at the National Library of France
Church
Catholic Church
Papacy began
12 March 1088
Papacy ended
29 July 1099
Predecessor
Victor III
Successor
Paschal II
Orders
Ordination
c. 1068
Consecration
20 July 1085
Created cardinal
1073 by Gregory VII
Personal details
Born
Odo
c. 1035[1]
Lagery, County of Champagne, Kingdom of France
Died
29 July 1099(1099-07-29) (aged 63–64) Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire
Previous post(s)
Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia (1078–88)
Cardinal-Bishop of Velletri (1080–88)
Legate in Germany (1084–85)
Sainthood
Feast day
29 July
Venerated in
Catholic Church
Beatified
14 July 1881 Rome by Pope Leo XIII
Attributes
Papal vestments
Papal tiara
Staff
Other popes named Urban
Pope Urban II (Latin: Urbanus II; c. 1035 – 29 July 1099), otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery,[2][A] was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death. He is best known for convening the Council of Clermont which ignited the series of Christian conquests known as the Crusades.[3][4]
Pope Urban was a native of France, and was a descendant of a noble family from the French commune of Châtillon-sur-Marne.[5][6] Reims was the nearby cathedral school where he began his studies in 1050.[7]
Before his papacy, Urban was the grand prior of Cluny and bishop of Ostia.[8] As pope, he dealt with Antipope Clement III, infighting of various Christian nations, and the Muslim incursions into Europe. In 1095 he started preaching the First Crusade (1096–99).[9][10] He promised forgiveness and pardon for all of the past sins of those who would fight to reclaim the holy land from Muslims and free the eastern churches.[11] This pardon would also apply to those that would fight the Muslims in Spain. While the First Crusade resulted in occupation of Jerusalem from the Fatimids and consequent massacre of the Muslim population there, Pope Urban II died before he could receive this news.
He also set up the modern-day Roman Curia in the manner of a royal ecclesiastical court to help run the Church.[12]
He was beatified by Pope Leo XIII on 14 July 1881.
^Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia: "Urban II, Pope (c. 1035–1099, r. 1088–1099)"
^Celli-Fraentzel 1932, p. 97.
^Richard Urban Butler (1912). "Pope Bl. Urban II". In Catholic Encyclopedia. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^Theodore Freylinghuysen Collier (1911). "Urban (popes)". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. 27. (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press. pp. 789–792.
^Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia. p. 641
^Kleinhenz, Ch. Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia
^Gabriele 2012, p. 796.
^Becker 1988, p. 1:24–90.
^Munro, Dana Carleton (1906). "The Speech of Pope Urban II. At Clermont, 1095". The American Historical Review. 11 (2): 231–242. doi:10.2307/1834642. ISSN 0002-8762.
^Chevedden, Paul E. (2013). "Crusade Creationism "versus" Pope Urban Ii's Conceptualization of the Crusades". The Historian. 75 (1): 1–46. ISSN 0018-2370.
^Peters 1971, p. 16.
^McBrien 2000, p. 182.
Cite error: There are <ref group=upper-alpha> tags or {{efn-ua}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=upper-alpha}} template or {{notelist-ua}} template (see the help page).
PopeUrbanII (Latin: Urbanus II; c. 1035 – 29 July 1099), otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was the head of the Catholic Church and...
cardinal-priest of San Clemente by Pope Gregory VII (1073–85) in 1073. He was consecrated as pope in succession to PopeUrbanII (1088–99) on 19 August 1099...
branch of the Caetani family, and he became a monk of Monte Cassino. PopeUrbanII, who wished to improve the style of papal documents, brought him to...
Pope Honorius II (9 February 1060 – 13 February 1130), born Lamberto Scannabecchi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 21...
Pope Innocent II (Latin: Innocentius II; died 24 September 1143), born Gregorio Papareschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States...
PopeUrban IV (Latin: Urbanus IV; c. 1195 – 2 October 1264), born Jacques Pantaléon, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States...
Sylvester II, Pope Stephen IX, Pope Nicholas II, PopeUrbanII, Pope Callistus II, PopeUrban IV, Pope Clement IV, Pope Innocent V, Pope Martin IV, Pope Clement...
PopeUrban VI (Latin: Urbanus VI; Italian: Urbano VI; c. 1318 – 15 October 1389), born Bartolomeo Prignano (Italian pronunciation: [bartoloˈmɛːo priɲˈɲaːno])...
recently reigning Pope to have been canonised was Pope John Paul II, whose cause for canonisation was opened in May 2005. John Paul II was beatified on...
synod of ecclesiastics and laymen of the Catholic Church, called by PopeUrbanII and held from 17 to 27 November 1095 at Clermont, Auvergne, at the time...
PopeUrban V (Latin: Urbanus V; 1310 – 19 December 1370), born Guillaume de Grimoard, was the head of the Catholic Church from 28 September 1362 until...
the abbey's chapter-house. Odo was duly elected his successor as PopeUrbanII. Pope Victor's only existing literary work Dialogues, is on the miracles...
followed later in the year by the Council of Clermont, during which PopeUrbanII supported the Byzantine request for military assistance and also urged...
"almost 200 corrections to its existing biographies of the popes, from St Peter to John Paul II". The corrections concerned dates, especially in the first...
region's reputation for wine production dates back to the Middle Ages when PopeUrbanII ( ruled 1088-1099 AD/CE ), a native Champenois, declared that the wine...
PopeUrban III (Latin: Urbanus III; died 20 October 1187), born Uberto Crivelli, reigned from 25 November 1185 to his death in 1187. Crivelli was born...
saints. Pope Alexander II canonized four saints. Pope Gregory VII canonized nine saints Pope Victor III did not canonize any saints. PopeUrbanII canonized...
celebrated teacher at Reims, and a close advisor of his former pupil, PopeUrbanII. His feast day is 6 October. Bruno was born in Cologne about the year...
after the 15th century. In 1095, after a Byzantine request for aid, PopeUrbanII proclaimed the first expedition at the Council of Clermont. He encouraged...
Puy-en-Velay from before 1087. He was the chosen representative of PopeUrbanII for the expedition to the Holy Land. Remembered for his martial prowess...
predecessors Pope Pius IV and Pope Paul IV and in the articles on Pope Julius III, Pope Paul III, Pope Clement VII, Pope Adrian VI, Pope Leo X, Pope Julius II, Pope...
The First Crusade was preached at the Council of Clermont in 1095 by PopeUrbanII, with the goal of assisting the Byzantine Empire against the invasions...
in opposition to four successive popes in the anti-imperial line: Gregory VII, Victor III, UrbanII, and Paschal II. After his death and burial at Civita...
representative, Hugh of Die, for the first time; after a long silence, PopeUrbanII repeated the excommunication at the Council of Clermont in November...
from the Frankish Synod of Frankfurt to Pope Adrian I, and was later sent on three important embassies to the pope, in 792, 794, and 796. At one time, he...
Pope Callixtus II or Callistus II (c. 1065 – 13 December 1124), born Guy of Burgundy, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from...
Global Information