This article is about the Antipope Clement III. For the pope of the same name, see Pope Clement III.
"Wibert" redirects here. For the fourteenth-century Dean of Wells, see Wibert of Littleton.
Antipope
Clement III
Antipope Clement III, image from Codex Jenesis Boseq.6 (1157)
Papacy began
25 June 1080
Papacy ended
8 September 1100
Predecessor
Roman claimant :
Gregory VII
Antipapal claimant :
Honorius II
Successor
Roman claimant :
Paschal II
Antipapal claimant :
Theodoric
Opposed to
Gregory VII
Victor III
Urban II
Paschal II
Other post(s)
Archbishop of Ravenna
Personal details
Born
Guibert (or Wibert)
c. 1029
Ravenna
Died
8 September 1100 (aged 70–71) Civita Castellana
Other popes and antipopes named Clement
Guibert or Wibert of Ravenna (c. 1029 – 8 September 1100) was an Italian prelate, archbishop of Ravenna, who was elected pope in 1080 in opposition to Pope Gregory VII and took the name Clement III. Gregory was the leader of the movement in the church which opposed the traditional claim of European monarchs to control ecclesiastical appointments, and this was opposed by supporters of monarchical rights led by the Holy Roman Emperor. This led to the conflict known as the Investiture Controversy. Gregory was felt by many to have gone too far when he excommunicated the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV and supported a rival claimant as emperor, and in 1080 the pro-imperial Synod of Brixen pronounced that Gregory was deposed and replaced as pope by Guibert.
Consecrated as Pope Clement III in Rome in March 1084, he commanded a significant following in Rome and elsewhere, especially during the first half of his pontificate, and reigned in opposition to four successive popes in the anti-imperial line: Gregory VII, Victor III, Urban II, and Paschal II. After his death and burial at Civita Castellana in 1100 he was celebrated locally as a miracle-working saint, but Paschal II and the anti-imperial party soon subjected him to damnatio memoriae, which included the exhuming and dumping of his remains in the Tiber.[1][2] He is considered an anti-pope by the Roman Catholic Church.[3]
^Longo, Umberto. "A Saint of Damned Memory. Clement III, (Anti)Pope," Reti Medievali Rivista, 13/1 (Apr. 2012)
^Sprenger, Kai-Michael. "The Tiara in the Tiber. An Essay on the damnatio in memoria of Clement III (1084–1100) and Rome’s River as a Place of Oblivion and Memory," Reti Medievali Rivista, 13/1 (Apr. 2012)
^Dolcini, Carlo. "Clement III, antipapa", Enciclopedia dei Papi, Rome, 2000
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three antipopes named Clement. Antipope ClementIII (1080–1085) AntipopeClement VII (1378–1394) AntipopeClement VIII (1423–1429) This disambiguation page...
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grand prior of Cluny and bishop of Ostia. As pope, he dealt with AntipopeClementIII, infighting of various Christian nations, and the Muslim incursions...
Antipope Paschal III (or Paschal III) (c. 1110 – 20 September 1168) was a 12th-century clergyman who, from 1164 to 1168, was the second antipope to challenge...
ensure the Avignon line. Three of these cardinals met and elected AntipopeClement VIII. However, one of Benedict XIII's cardinals, Jean Carrier, disputed...
that he was a native of Rome. He cannot be linked to the line of antipopes—ClementIII, Theodoric and Adalbert—who opposed the Reformist papacy from 1080...
Gregory excommunicated Henry IV three times, and Henry appointed AntipopeClementIII to oppose him. Though Gregory was hailed as one of the greatest of...
VIII, but it is known that in March 1118 three cardinals created by AntipopeClementIII (1080/84-1100) joined his obedience and formed his own Sacred College:...
bishop of Ravenna) to be pope, referring to ClementIII (known by the Catholic Church as AntipopeClementIII) as "our pope". In October 1080, troops raised...
a major conflict with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV, who supported AntipopeClementIII. Reluctant to make another enemy, Urban came to a concordat with...
to 1109, and a leading opponent of the Emperor Henry IV and his antipopeClementIII (Wibert of Ravenna). He spent nearly eight years in exile because...
Albert. The next emperor was Henry VII, crowned on 29 June 1312 by Pope Clement V. In 1508, Pope Julius II allowed Maximilian I to use the title of Emperor...
English, was an Aragonese nobleman who, as Benedict XIII, is considered an antipope (see Western Schism) by the Catholic Church. Pedro Martínez de Luna was...
1029–1100), Italian Roman Catholic archbishop of Ravenna, elected AntipopeClementIII Guibert of Gembloux (10th century), founder of the Abbey of Gembloux...
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historians believe, then Beno and Maria may instead have favoured the AntipopeClementIII (Wibert of Ravenna), whom they sought to honour through paintings...
Philagathos; Italian: Giovanni Filagato; Latin: Johannes Philagathus) was an antipope from 997 to 998. John was of Greek descent and was a native of Rossano...
officials by civil authorities) and arranged the election of an antipope (AntipopeClementIII) in 1080. The monarch's struggle with the papacy resulted in...
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war, invaded Rome, and forced Gregory to flee, replacing him with AntipopeClementIII. In 1728, when Gregory was canonized by Pope Benedict XIII, the papal...
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