In condensed matter physics, a phonon polariton is a type of quasiparticle that can form in a diatomic ionic crystal due to coupling of transverse optical phonons and photons.[1] They are particular type of polariton, which behave like bosons. Phonon polaritons occur in the region where the wavelength and energy of phonons and photons are similar, as to adhere to the avoided crossing principle.
Phonon polariton spectra have traditionally been studied using Raman spectroscopy.[2] The recent advances in (scattering-type) scanning near-field optical microscopy((s-)SNOM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) have made it possible to observe the polaritons in a more direct way.[3]
^Hopfield, J. J. (1958-12-01). "Theory of the Contribution of Excitons to the Complex Dielectric Constant of Crystals". Physical Review. 112 (5): 1555–1567. Bibcode:1958PhRv..112.1555H. doi:10.1103/physrev.112.1555. ISSN 0031-899X.
^Henry, C. H.; Hopfield, J. J. (1965-12-20). "Raman Scattering by Polaritons". Physical Review Letters. 15 (25): 964–966. Bibcode:1965PhRvL..15..964H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.15.964.
^Ambrosio, Antonio; Jauregui, Luis A.; Dai, Siyuan; Chaudhary, Kundan; Tamagnone, Michele; Fogler, Michael M.; Basov, Dimitri N.; Capasso, Federico; Kim, Philip; Wilson, William L. (2017-09-26). "Mechanical Detection and Imaging of Hyperbolic Phonon Polaritons in Hexagonal Boron Nitride". ACS Nano. 11 (9): 8741–8746. arXiv:1704.01834. doi:10.1021/acsnano.7b02323. ISSN 1936-0851. PMID 28858472. S2CID 8262624.
physics, a phononpolariton is a type of quasiparticle that can form in a diatomic ionic crystal due to coupling of transverse optical phonons and photons...
fermionic quasiparticle), which is an electron plus an attached phonon cloud. Whenever the polariton picture is valid (i.e., when the weak coupling limit is an...
and lattice vibrational waves known as phonon-polaritons, rather than currents or photons. Since phonon-polaritons propagate with frequencies in the range...
A phonon is a collective excitation in a periodic, elastic arrangement of atoms or molecules in condensed matter, specifically in solids and some liquids...
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are electromagnetic waves that travel along a metal–dielectric or metal–air interface, practically in the infrared or...
a polariton, especially near a resonance of the material. For example, an exciton-polariton is a superposition of an exciton and a photon; a phonon-polariton...
enhance polariton-electron scattering, and an external magnetic field to enhance the polariton-phonon scattering and the exciton -polariton saturation...
process) and in the process create one of the three quasiparticle types (phonon, polariton, magnon) or it may gain energy (anti-Stokes process) by absorbing...
layers of a solid. Magnons are analogous to other forms of polaritons, such as plasmons and phonons, but represent an oscillation of the magnetic component...
couple with a photon to create another quasiparticle called a plasmon polariton. The field of study and manipulation of plasmons is called plasmonics...
Meng, N. Andrejevic, Y. Zhu, G. D. Mahan, and G. Chen, "Theory of electron-phonon-dislon interacting system – toward a quantized theory of dislocations",...
long-lived phonon (a quantum of sound) with a matter excitation. It serves as a sound-based analogue of cavity quantum electrodynamics, where the phonon plays...
be confused with the polariton, a bosonic quasiparticle analogous to a hybridized state between a photon and an optical phonon. The energy spectrum of...
amplitudes make such amplitudes vanish ("Adler zeros"). In fluids, the phonon is longitudinal and it is the Goldstone boson of the spontaneously broken...
can also be used. The laser light interacts with molecular vibrations, phonons or other excitations in the system, resulting in the energy of the laser...
but are not themselves real particles. Weyl fermions in matter are like phonons, which are also quasiparticles. No real particle that is a Weyl fermion...
associated electromagnetic field, is called either a surface plasmon polariton at a planar interface, or a localized surface plasmon for the closed surface...
center of the disk. In a spinor field such as for example photonic or polariton fluids the skyrmion topology corresponds to a full Poincaré beam (a spin...
of polaritons in a trap. David Snoke and theoretical physicist Jonathan Keeling recently published an article announcing a new era for polariton condensates...
replaced by electrons in the conduction band, holes in the valence band, and phonons or vibrations of the crystal lattice. A virtual particle is in a virtual...
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