For the album by Bump of Chicken, see Orbital Period (album).
Time an astronomical object takes to complete one orbit around another object
Part of a series on
Astrodynamics
Orbital mechanics
Orbital elements
Apsis
Argument of periapsis
Eccentricity
Inclination
Mean anomaly
Orbital nodes
Semi-major axis
True anomaly
Types of two-body orbits by eccentricity
Circular orbit
Elliptic orbit
Transfer orbit
(Hohmann transfer orbit
Bi-elliptic transfer orbit)
Parabolic orbit
Hyperbolic orbit
Radial orbit
Decaying orbit
Equations
Dynamical friction
Escape velocity
Kepler's equation
Kepler's laws of planetary motion
Orbital period
Orbital velocity
Surface gravity
Specific orbital energy
Vis-viva equation
Celestial mechanics
Gravitational influences
Barycenter
Hill sphere
Perturbations
Sphere of influence
N-body orbits
Lagrangian points
(Halo orbits)
Lissajous orbits
Lyapunov orbits
Engineering and efficiency
Preflight engineering
Mass ratio
Payload fraction
Propellant mass fraction
Tsiolkovsky rocket equation
Efficiency measures
Gravity assist
Oberth effect
Propulsive maneuvers
Orbital maneuver
Orbit insertion
v
t
e
The orbital period (also revolution period) is the amount of time a given astronomical object takes to complete one orbit around another object. In astronomy, it usually applies to planets or asteroids orbiting the Sun, moons orbiting planets, exoplanets orbiting other stars, or binary stars. It may also refer to the time it takes a satellite orbiting a planet or moon to complete one orbit.
For celestial objects in general, the orbital period is determined by a 360° revolution of one body around its primary, e.g. Earth around the Sun.
Periods in astronomy are expressed in units of time, usually hours, days, or years.
The orbitalperiod (also revolution period) is the amount of time a given astronomical object takes to complete one orbit around another object. In astronomy...
gravitation. Orbital mechanics is a core discipline within space-mission design and control. Celestial mechanics treats more broadly the orbital dynamics...
(out of the orbital plane) causes rotation of the orbital plane without changing the period or eccentricity. In all instances, a closed orbit will still...
completes an orbit every 11.86 years. This is approximately two-fifths the orbitalperiod of Saturn, forming a near orbital resonance. The orbital plane of...
direction of Earth's rotation. An object in such an orbit has an orbitalperiod equal to Earth's rotational period, one sidereal day, and so to ground observers...
orbit at an altitude of 20,200 kilometers (12,600 mi) with an orbitalperiod of almost 12 hours. Geosynchronous orbit (GSO) and geostationary orbit (GEO)...
of the semi-major axis. Conclusions: The orbitalperiod is equal to that for a circular orbit with the orbital radius equal to the semi-major axis ( a...
{\sqrt {\mu \over a}}} where v is the orbital velocity, a is the length of the semimajor axis, T is the orbitalperiod, and μ = GM is the standard gravitational...
A geosynchronous orbit (sometimes abbreviated GSO) is an Earth-centered orbit with an orbitalperiod that matches Earth's rotation on its axis, 23 hours...
mechanics, orbital resonance occurs when orbiting bodies exert regular, periodic gravitational influence on each other, usually because their orbital periods...
sidus 'asterism, star'), also called a sidereal orbitalperiod, is the time that Earth or another planetary body takes to orbit the Sun once with respect to the fixed...
one-third of Jupiter's mass. Saturn orbits the Sun at a distance of 9.59 AU (1,434 million km) with an orbitalperiod of 29.45 years. Saturn's interior...
Earth's radius). Objects in orbits that pass through this zone, even if they have an apogee further out or are sub-orbital, are carefully tracked since...
Orbital elements are the parameters required to uniquely identify a specific orbit. In celestial mechanics these elements are considered in two-body systems...
{\mu }}}} (17.7% of the orbitalperiod in a circular orbit) and the time to fall to a point mass in a radial parabolic orbit T par = 2 3 r 3 μ {\displaystyle...
astrodynamics, the orbital eccentricity of an astronomical object is a dimensionless parameter that determines the amount by which its orbit around another...
is a highly elliptical orbit with an inclination of 63.4 degrees, an argument of perigee of 270 degrees, and an orbitalperiod of approximately half a...
2015-03-07. "FCC Enters Orbital Debris Debate". Space.com. Archived from the original on March 8, 2005. "US Government Orbital Debris Standard Practices"...
geosynchronous orbit, in which a satellite takes 24 hours to circle the Earth, the same period as the Earth’s own rotation. All satellites in MEO have an orbital period...
}{2a}}\end{aligned}}} where v {\displaystyle v} is the relative orbital speed; r {\displaystyle r} is the orbital distance between the bodies; μ = G ( m 1 + m 2 ) {\displaystyle...
Moon's orbital sidereal period is 27.3 days while the phases complete a cycle once every 29.5 days (synodic period). This is due to the Earth's orbit around...
produce an equilibrium. An object that orbits the Sun more closely than Earth would typically have a shorter orbitalperiod than Earth, but that ignores the...
against the direction of orbital motion. If a planet rotates prograde, and the sidereal day exactly equals the orbitalperiod, then the formula above gives...
east. As the orbitalperiod of a satellite increases, approaching the rotational period of the Earth (in other words, as its average orbital speed slows...
so-called spin–orbit resonance, rather than being tidally locked. Here, the ratio of the rotation period of a body to its own orbitalperiod is some simple...