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Comparison of geostationary Earth orbit with GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and Compass (medium Earth orbit) satellite navigation system orbits with the International Space Station, Hubble Space Telescope and Iridium constellation orbits, and the nominal size of the Earth.[a] The Moon's orbit is around 9 times larger (in radius and length) than geostationary orbit.[b]The three most important Earth Orbits and the inner and outer Van Allen radiation beltVarious Earth orbits to scale:
the innermost, the red dotted line represents the orbit of the International Space Station (ISS);
cyan represents low Earth orbit,
yellow represents medium Earth orbit,
The green dashed line represents the orbit of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites, and
the outermost, the black dashed line represents geostationary orbit.
This is a list of types of gravitational orbit classified by various characteristics.
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is a listof types of gravitational orbit classified by various characteristics. The following is a listof types oforbits: Galactocentric orbit: An orbit...
the orbitsof Mars and Jupiter Ceres, a dwarf planet Pallas Vesta Hygiea Asteroids number in the hundreds of thousands. For longer lists, see listof exceptional...
follows an elliptic orbit. Examples of elliptic orbits include Hohmann transfer orbits, Molniya orbits, and tundra orbits. Under standard assumptions, no...
probes and pieces of debris. The moons of planets in the Solar System, by contrast, are not in heliocentric orbits, as they orbit their respective planet...
(i.e., from the approximate direction of the star Polaris) the Moon orbits Earth anticlockwise and Earth orbits the Sun anticlockwise, and the Moon and...
Geosynchronous Orbit NASA – Planetary Orbits Science Presse data on Geosynchronous Orbits (including historical data and launch statistics) Orbital Mechanics...
for circular orbits, the altitude above ground can vary by as much as 30 km (19 mi) (especially for polar orbits) due to the oblateness of Earth's spheroid...
Idealised orbits meeting these rules are known as Kepler orbits. Isaac Newton demonstrated that Kepler's laws were derivable from his theory of gravitation...
system. Continuous "families" of both northern and southern halo orbits exist at each Lagrange point. Because halo orbits tend to be unstable, station-keeping...
around the Sun—an orbital maneuver is called a deep-space maneuver (DSM).[not verified in body] Transfer orbits are usually elliptical orbits that allow spacecraft...
only a few orbital trajectories possible for indefinite frozen orbits. These would be useful for long-term stays in LLO. Most lunar low orbits below 100...
values, Mars' orbital altitude is equal to 17039 km. Spaceflight portal ListoforbitsListof satellites in geosynchronous orbitOrbital station-keeping...
reach Earth orbit. Spaceflight portal Listoforbits Rocket launch Non-rocket spacelaunch Spaceport, including a listof sites for orbital launches O'Leary...
graveyard orbit, also called a junk orbit or disposal orbit, is an orbit that lies away from common operational orbits. One significant graveyard orbit is a...
100-minute orbit. Listoforbits Molniya orbit Tundra orbit Vandenberg Air Force Base, a major United States launch location for polar orbits "ESA - Types of Orbits"...
satellites. Captured bodies on distant orbits vary widely in their inclinations, while captured bodies in relatively close orbits tend to have low inclinations...
i} is the orbital inclination, and T {\displaystyle T} is the orbital period. ListoforbitsOrbital inclination Non-inclined orbit Basics of the Geostationary...
speed for objects in closed orbits occurs at apoapsis (apogee, aphelion, etc.). In ideal two-body systems, objects in open orbits continue to slow down forever...
astronautics, the Hohmann transfer orbit (/ˈhoʊmən/) is an orbital maneuver used to transfer a spacecraft between two orbitsof different altitudes around a...
system. As a result of this motion, it fills in a (roughly) box-shaped region of space. Unlike loop orbits, the stars on box orbits can come arbitrarily...
the longer term, asteroids can transfer between horseshoe orbits and quasi-satellite orbits. Quasi-satellites aren't gravitationally bound to their planet...
mass. In the special case of perfectly circular orbits, the semimajor axis a is equal to the radius of the orbit, and the orbital velocity is constant and...
two-body, Newtonian orbits are always conic sections, so the Keplerian elements define an ellipse, parabola, or hyperbola. Real orbits have perturbations...
define it. The following is a listof different geocentric orbit classifications. Transatmospheric orbit (TAO) Geocentric orbits with altitudes at apogee higher...
(near-circular orbits) are very close to their star and are tidally-locked to the star. All eight planets in the Solar System have near-circular orbits. The exoplanets...
Halo orbits also include components perpendicular to the plane, but they are periodic, while Lissajous orbits are usually not. In practice, any orbits around...
Canada. While satellites in Molniya orbits require considerably less launch energy than those in geostationary orbits (especially launching from high latitudes)...
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