Oral pigmentation is asymptomatic and does not usually cause any alteration to the texture or thickness of the affected area. The colour can be uniform or speckled and can appear solitary or as multiple lesions.[1] Depending on the site, depth, and quantity of pigment, the appearance can vary considerably.[2]
Oral pigmentation is found in the following places:
Lower vermillion border (the exposed pink or reddish margin of a lip[3])
Tongue
Oral mucosa
Gingivae
Palate[2]
Oral pigmentation affects about 3% of the population[4] and is most likely seen in those with dark skin;[5] however people with light skin have, on average, 30 local pigmented areas and in some circumstances will present intra-orally. They are more often found in females than males[6] and the typical age at presentation is 40 years although they can appear at any age.[3]
^Lenkiewicz E, Ferencowa A, Szewczykowa E (April 1992). "[Subconjunctival autohemotherapy of eye burns in our cases]". Klinika Oczna (in Polish). 94 (4): 113–4. doi:10.4016/46352.01. PMID 1405409.
^ abGondak RO, da Silva-Jorge R, Jorge J, Lopes MA, Vargas PA (November 2012). "Oral pigmented lesions: Clinicopathologic features and review of the literature". Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. 17 (6): e919-24. doi:10.4317/medoral.17679. PMC 3505710. PMID 22549672.
^ abCulpepper CJ (2000). "Merriam‐Webster Online: The Language Center0011The Staff of Merriam‐Webster. Merriam‐Webster Online: The Language Center. 47 Federal Street, PO Box 281, Springfield, MA 01102; Tel: (413) 734‐3134; Fax: (413) 731‐5979;: Merriam‐Webster, Inc c1999. Free". Electronic Resources Review. 4: 9–11. doi:10.1108/err.2000.4.1_2.9.11.
^Takematsu H, Usuba Y, Kato T, Tagami H (1989). "Giant volar melanotic macule". Skin Cancer. 4: 68–71. doi:10.5227/skincancer.4.68.
^Cite error: The named reference :8 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Retna Kumari N, Sreedharan S, Balachandran D (2007). "Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy: a case report". Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 25 (3): 148–51. doi:10.4103/0970-4388.36568. PMID 17951934.
Oralpigmentation is asymptomatic and does not usually cause any alteration to the texture or thickness of the affected area. The colour can be uniform...
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species, as some U. sikorae species were found to share the light oralpigmentation. The diagnosis of these species based on morphology remains difficult...
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other non-invasive techniques on differential diagnosis algorithms of oralpigmentations: A systematic review". Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry...
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An oral medicine or stomatology doctor/dentist (or stomatologist) has received additional specialized training and experience in the diagnosis and management...
palate A budlike shrunken uvula Thinning and stiffening of the lips Pigmentation of the oral mucosa Dryness of the mouth and burning sensation (stomatopyrosis)...
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Melanosis coli, also pseudomelanosis coli, is a disorder of pigmentation of the wall of the colon, often identified at the time of colonoscopy. It is benign...
in mass numbers. They consist of irregular patches of orange or brown pigmentation with characteristic "cayenne pepper" spots appearing within and at the...
pigment. Pseudomelanism, also called abundism, is another variant of pigmentation, identifiable by dark spots or enlarged stripes, which cover a large...
The spotty skin pigmentation and lentigines occur most commonly on the face, especially on the lips, eyelids, conjunctiva and oral mucosa. Cardiac myxomas...
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the hallmark for diagnosing Rotor syndrome. There is no distinct black pigmentation of the liver as seen in a similar, Dubin-Johnson Syndrome. Genes, SLCO1B1...
been reported to cause pigmentation of the vagina and cervix. The University of Massachusetts Online Article on Pigmentation Disease [1] Beerman & Colburn...
around the teeth. Treatment involves good oral hygiene and regular professional teeth cleaning. Recommended oral hygiene include daily brushing and flossing...
birth, but rapidly develop normal skin pigmentation in infancy. Ocular albinism affects not only eye pigmentation but visual acuity, as well. People with...
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