In chemistry, octahedral molecular geometry, also called square bipyramidal,[1] describes the shape of compounds with six atoms or groups of atoms or ligands symmetrically arranged around a central atom, defining the vertices of an octahedron. The octahedron has eight faces, hence the prefix octa. The octahedron is one of the Platonic solids, although octahedral molecules typically have an atom in their centre and no bonds between the ligand atoms. A perfect octahedron belongs to the point group Oh. Examples of octahedral compounds are sulfur hexafluoride SF6 and molybdenum hexacarbonyl Mo(CO)6. The term "octahedral" is used somewhat loosely by chemists, focusing on the geometry of the bonds to the central atom and not considering differences among the ligands themselves. For example, [Co(NH3)6]3+, which is not octahedral in the mathematical sense due to the orientation of the N−H bonds, is referred to as octahedral.[2]
The concept of octahedral coordination geometry was developed by Alfred Werner to explain the stoichiometries and isomerism in coordination compounds. His insight allowed chemists to rationalize the number of isomers of coordination compounds. Octahedral transition-metal complexes containing amines and simple anions are often referred to as Werner-type complexes.
Structure of sulfur hexafluoride, an example of a molecule with the octahedral coordination geometry.
In chemistry, octahedralmoleculargeometry, also called square bipyramidal, describes the shape of compounds with six atoms or groups of atoms or ligands...
In chemistry, the capped octahedralmoleculargeometry describes the shape of compounds where seven atoms or groups of atoms or ligands are arranged around...
Moleculargeometry is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule. It includes the general shape of the molecule as well...
In chemistry, the square planar moleculargeometry describes the stereochemistry (spatial arrangement of atoms) that is adopted by certain chemical compounds...
organic-rich clay or silt of high plasticity Oh, the point group of octahedralmoleculargeometry Ohnesorge number, a dimensionless number that relates the viscous...
of the yellow xenon-containing anion XeO4− 6. This anion has octahedralmoleculargeometry, as determined by Raman spectroscopy, having O–Xe–O bond angles...
substitution are often coordinatively saturated and often have octahedralmoleculargeometry. The entropy of activation is characteristically positive for...
and anions. The hydrated form of aluminium chloride has an octahedralmoleculargeometry, with the central aluminium ion surrounded by six water ligand...
racemization of octahedral complexes containing three bidentate chelate rings. Such complexes typically adopt an octahedralmoleculargeometry, in which case...
substitution are often coordinatively saturated and often have octahedralmoleculargeometry. The entropy of activation is characteristically positive for...
high as 20 in Th(η5-C5H5)4. One of the most common coordination geometries is octahedral, where six ligands are coordinated to the metal in a symmetrical...
Crystals of the decahydrate consist of [Na(OH2)6]+ ions with octahedralmoleculargeometry. These octahedra share edges such that 8 of the 10 water molecules...
energy (less stable) the molecule is. Therefore, the VSEPR-predicted moleculargeometry of a molecule is the one that has as little of this repulsion as possible...
that is soluble in benzene. The complex features Sc(III) with octahedralmoleculargeometry. It was first prepared by treating scandium nitrate with acetylacetone...
6. The coordination number does not distinguish the geometry of such complexes, i.e. octahedral vs trigonal prismatic. For transition metal complexes...
trigonal prismatic geometry is unusual in that the vast majority of six-coordinate organometallic compounds adopt octahedralmoleculargeometry. In the initial...
platinum pentafluoride. Within the tetramers, each Ru adopts octahedralmoleculargeometry, with two bridging fluoride ligands. Ruthenium pentafluoride...
one-dimensional coordination polymer. Each Cr(V) center has octahedralmoleculargeometry. It has the same crystal structure as vanadium pentafluoride...
standard bond length) with the central sulfur atom in a distorted octahedralmoleculargeometry. A variety or organosulfur compounds occur in nature. Most abundant...
complex MoO3(H2O)3 is observed. Once again, molybdenum adopts octahedralmoleculargeometry, probably with three oxo ligands and three aquo ligands. The...
orthotelluric acid, Te(OH)6. Teflic acid has a slightly distorted octahedralmoleculargeometry. Teflic acid was accidentally discovered by Engelbrecht and...
ionization potentials. It is also expected to have the same octahedralmoleculargeometry as PtF6. Other predicted darmstadtium compounds are darmstadtium...
to the hexahalides [TcX6]2− (X = F, Cl, Br, I), which adopt octahedralmoleculargeometry. More reduced halides form anionic clusters with Tc–Tc bonds...
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