Nuclear transport refers to the mechanisms by which molecules move across the nuclear membrane of a cell. The entry and exit of large molecules from the cell nucleus is tightly controlled by the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). Although small molecules can enter the nucleus without regulation,[1] macromolecules such as RNA and proteins require association with transport factors known as nuclear transport receptors, like karyopherins called importins to enter the nucleus and exportins to exit.[2][3]
^Watson, JD; Baker TA; Bell SP; Gann A; Levine M; Losick R. (2004). "Ch9-10". Molecular Biology of the Gene (5th ed.). Peason Benjamin Cummings; CSHL Press. ISBN 978-0-8053-9603-4.
^Mackmull, MT; Klaus, B; Heinze, I; Chokkalingam, M; Beyer, A; Russell, RB; Ori, A; Beck, M (18 December 2017). "Landscape of nuclear transport receptor cargo specificity". Molecular Systems Biology. 13 (12): 962. doi:10.15252/msb.20177608. PMC 5740495. PMID 29254951.
^Alberts, Bruce (2004). Essential cell biology (2nd ed.). Garland Science Pub. pp. 504–506. ISBN 978-0815334811.
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