The November Treaties concluded in November 1870 on the accession of the kingdoms of Bavaria and Württemberg and the grand duchies of Baden and Hesse to the North German Confederation. A new foundation was not envisaged but the North German Federation was to expand with the southern German states in order to form the German Empire.[1]
North German Confederation (1867-1870), with Prussia (blue with a red border), green border around Bavaria with the Bavarian Palatinate, yellow border around Württemberg, brown border around Baden and dark brown around Hesse-Darmstadt.
The November Treaties are detailed as follows:
The agreement between the North German Confederation and Baden and Hesse on the "founding" of the "German Confederation"[1] (not to be confused with the German Confederation of 1815) on 15 November 1870.[2]
The treaty of the North German Confederation with Bavaria on 23 November[3]
The treaty of the North German Confederation with Württemberg on 25 November.[4]
As a result, the constitution of the North German Confederation had to be adapted. Many changes had already appeared in the constitution of the German Confederation of 1 January 1871, but Württemberg had already ratified the treaty, as a result of which the new constitution had already been overtaken. Bavaria did not follow the ratification until the end of January, but allowed the legal effect to start retroactively on 1 January.
On 18 January 1871, the Emperor's proclamation in Versailles followed, which, from a legal point of view, did not constitute the founding of the empire, but a commission. The Constitution of the German Empire was adopted on 16 April to make constitutional law appropriate to the latest situation.
^ abVgl. hierzu Michael Kotulla, Deutsche Verfassungsgeschichte. Vom Alten Reich bis Weimar (1495–1934), 2008, Rn. 2014.
^Protokoll, betreffend die Vereinbarung zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde, Baden und Hessen über Gründung des Deutschen Bundes und Annahme der Bundesverfassung vom 15. November 1870.
^Vertrag, betreffend den Beitritt Bayerns zur Verfassung des Deutschen Bundes, nebst Schlußprotokoll vom 23. November 1870.
^Vertrag betreffend den Beitritt Württembergs zur Verfassung des Deutschen Bundes, nebst dazu gehörigem Protokoll vom 25. November 1870.
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