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Washington Naval Treaty information


Washington Naval Treaty
Limitation of Naval Armament
Signing of the Washington Naval Treaty (1922).
TypeArms control
ContextWorld War I
SignedFebruary 6, 1922 (1922-02-06)
LocationMemorial Continental Hall, Washington, D.C.
EffectiveAugust 17, 1923 (1923-08-17)
ExpirationDecember 31, 1936 (1936-12-31)
Negotiators
  • United States Charles Evans Hughes
  • United Kingdom Arthur Balfour
  • French Third Republic Albert Sarraut
  • Kingdom of Italy Carlo Schanzer
  • Empire of Japan Katō Tomosaburō
Signatories
  • United States Warren G. Harding
  • British Empire George V
  • French Third Republic Alexandre Millerand
  • Kingdom of Italy Victor Emmanuel III
  • Empire of Japan Yoshihito
Parties
  • Washington Naval Treaty United States
  • Washington Naval Treaty British Empire
  •   Washington Naval Treaty Canada
  •   Washington Naval Treaty Australia
  •   Washington Naval Treaty South Africa
  •   Washington Naval Treaty New Zealand
  •   Washington Naval Treaty India
  • Washington Naval Treaty French Third Republic
  • Washington Naval Treaty Kingdom of Italy
  • Washington Naval Treaty Empire of Japan
DepositaryLeague of Nations
Citations25 L.N.T.S. 202
Languages
  • French
  • English
Full text
Washington Naval Treaty Washington Naval Treaty, 1922 at Wikisource

The Washington Naval Treaty, also known as the Five-Power Treaty, was a treaty signed during 1922 among the major Allies of World War I, which agreed to prevent an arms race by limiting naval construction. It was negotiated at the Washington Naval Conference in Washington, D.C. from November 1921 to February 1922 and signed by the governments of the British Empire (including the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and India), United States, France, Italy, and Japan. It limited the construction of battleships, battlecruisers and aircraft carriers by the signatories. The numbers of other categories of warships, including cruisers, destroyers, and submarines, were not limited by the treaty, but those ships were limited to 10,000 tons displacement each.

The treaty was concluded on February 6, 1922. Ratifications of that treaty were exchanged in Washington on August 17, 1923, and it was registered in the League of Nations Treaty Series on April 16, 1924.[1]

Later naval arms limitation conferences sought additional limitations of warship building. The terms of the Washington Naval Treaty were modified by the London Naval Treaty of 1930 and the Second London Naval Treaty of 1936. By the mid-1930s, Japan and Italy renounced the treaties, while Germany renounced the Treaty of Versailles which had limited its navy. Naval arms limitation became increasingly difficult for the other signatories.

  1. ^ Feb. 6, 1922, 25 L.N.T.S. 202.

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