Naming scheme for assigning generic, or nonproprietary, names to monoclonal antibodies
List of stems for monoclonal antibody nomenclature (revision 2022)[1][2][3][4]
Prefix
Target substem
Stem
meaning
meaning
variable
-ami-
serum amyloid protein (SAP)/amyloidosis (pre-substem)
-bart
artificial antibody
-ba-
bacterial
-ment
fragment (derived from a variable domain)
-ci-
cardiovascular
-mig
multi-immunoglobulin (e.g. BsMAb)
-de-
metabolic or endocrine pathways
-tug
unmodified immunoglobulin
-eni-
enzyme inhibition
-fung-
fungal
-gro-
skeletal muscle mass related growth
factors and receptors (pre-substem)
-ki-
cytokine and cytokine receptor
-ler-
allergen
-ne-
neural
-os-
bone
-pru-
immunosuppressive
-sto-
immunostimulatory
-ta-
tumor
-toxa-
toxin
-vet-
veterinary use (sub-stem)
-vi-
viral
The nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies is a naming scheme for assigning generic, or nonproprietary, names to monoclonal antibodies. An antibody is a protein that is produced in B cells and used by the immune system of humans and other vertebrate animals to identify a specific foreign object like a bacterium or a virus. Monoclonal antibodies are those that were produced in identical cells, often artificially, and so share the same target object. They have a wide range of applications including medical uses.[5]
This naming scheme is used for both the World Health Organization's International Nonproprietary Names (INN)[6] and the United States Adopted Names (USAN)[7] for pharmaceuticals. In general, word stems are used to identify classes of drugs, in most cases placed word-finally. All monoclonal antibody names assigned until 2021 end with the stem -mab; newer names have different stems. Unlike most other pharmaceuticals, monoclonal antibody nomenclature uses different preceding word parts (morphemes) depending on structure and function. These are officially called substems and sometimes erroneously infixes, even by the USAN Council itself.[7]
The scheme has been revised several times: in 2009, in 2017, in 2021, and in 2022.[1][2][8][4]
^ abWorld Health Organization (November 2021), New INN monoclonal antibody (mAb) nomenclature scheme: Geneva, November 2021(PDF), retrieved 2021-11-09.
^ abWorld Health Organization (2021-10-31), New INN monoclonal antibody (mAb) nomenclature scheme: International Nonproprietary Names scheme for monoclonal antibody (mAb), retrieved 2021-11-09.
^Cite error: The named reference WHO_2009 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCite error: The named reference 2022 revision was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Janeway was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference WHO_1997 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCite error: The named reference AMA_2007 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^World Health Organization (2017-05-26), Revised monoclonal antibody (mAb) nomenclature scheme: Geneva, 26 May 2017(PDF), retrieved 2021-11-09.
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Examples of drugs for which the USAN differs from the INN include: British Approved Name International Nonproprietary Name Nomenclatureofmonoclonal antibodies...
a type of anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. celecoxib) -mab for monoclonalantibodies (e.g. infliximab); see Nomenclatureofmonoclonalantibodies -nab- for...
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classification of the many monoclonalantibodies (mAbs) generated by different laboratories around the world against epitopes on the surface molecules of leukocytes...
otherwise noted, consists of a variety of different IgG (polyclonal IgG). In contrast, monoclonalantibodies are identical antibodies produced by a single...
in dacli-zu-mab. See the list ofmonoclonalantibodies for more examples. In addition to chimeric and humanized antibodies, there are other pharmaceutical...
of receptor amino acid sequences, and IMGT/mAb-DB, a database ofmonoclonalantibodies. Now maintained by the HLA Informatics Group, the primary reference...
Krausz K (March 2006). "Monoclonalantibodies and multifunctional cytochrome P450: drug metabolism as paradigm". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 46...
effects ofmonoclonal anti-TNF antibodies. Research in the laboratory led by Mark Mattson has shown that TNF can prevent the death/apoptosis of neurons...
systems. Several such products are being developed, including monoclonalantibodies. High yields of duckweed with a high protein content for use in human nutrition...
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Subtypes of antinuclear antibodies include anti-Smith and anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies (which are linked to SLE) and anti-histone antibodies (which...
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segments and to monoclonalantibodies that detect the corresponding Vγ protein chains. Note that Adrian Hayday's proposed nomenclature is not widely used...
tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST). Like the phosphotyrosine antibodies mentioned above, antibodies have recently been described that specifically detect sulfotyrosine...
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