Structure of Streptomyces Ni superoxide dismutase hexamer[1]
Identifiers
Symbol
Sod_Ni
Pfam
PF09055
InterPro
IPR014123
SCOP2
1q0d / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures:
Pfam
structures / ECOD
PDB
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum
structure summary
Nickel superoxide dismutase (Ni-SOD) is a metalloenzyme that, like the other superoxide dismutases, protects cells from oxidative damage by catalyzing the disproportionation of the cytotoxic superoxide radical (O− 2) to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. Superoxide is a reactive oxygen species that is produced in large amounts during photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration.[2] The equation for the disproportionation of superoxide is shown below:
Ni-SOD was first isolated in 1996 from Streptomyces bacteria and is primarily found in prokaryotic organisms. It has since been observed in cyanobacteria and a number of other aquatic microbes.[3]
Ni-SOD is homohexameric, meaning that it has six identical subunits. Each subunit has a single nickel containing active site.[4] The disproportionation mechanism involves a reduction-oxidation cycle where a single electron transfer is catalyzed by the Ni2+/Ni3+ redox couple.[4][2] Ni-SOD catalyzes close to the barrier of diffusion.
^Wuerges J, Lee JW, Yim YI, Yim HS, Kang SO, Djinovic Carugo K (June 2004). "Crystal structure of nickel-containing superoxide dismutase reveals another type of active site". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (23): 8569–74. Bibcode:2004PNAS..101.8569W. doi:10.1073/pnas.0308514101. PMC 423235. PMID 15173586.
^ abCite error: The named reference pelmenschikov 2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Zamble, Deborah B.; Li, Yanjie (2009). "Nickel Homeostasis and Nickel Regulation: an Overview". Chemical Reviews. 109 (10): 4617–4643. doi:10.1021/cr900010n. PMID 19711977.
^ abCite error: The named reference J Shearer 2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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Superoxidedismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is an enzyme that alternately catalyzes the dismutation (or partitioning) of the superoxide (O− 2) anion radical...
other nickel is held by three sulfur atoms. It is used to catalyse the reduction of carbon monoxide to acetyl-CoA. Nickelsuperoxidedismutase (or Ni-SOD)...
consists of an Fe-Ni-S cluster. Other nickel-bearing enzymes include a rare bacterial class of superoxidedismutase and glyoxalase I enzymes in bacteria...
chaperone for superoxidedismutase (CCS). Other isozymes may contain iron, manganese or nickel. The activity of Ni-SOD involves nickel(III), an unusual...
metalloenzymes feature bimetallic active sites. Examples include superoxidedismutase, urease, nickel-iron hydrogenase. Many Non-heme iron proteins have diiron...
the complexes the ability to reduce reactive oxygen species in Mn-superoxidedismutase (MnSOD) and catalase, in electron transfer-dependent catalysis (for...
life. It can be found in hemocyanin, cytochrome c oxidase and in superoxidedismutase. Copper is shown to have antimicrobial properties which make it useful...
relevance to human biology, Cu-Zn superoxidedismutase protects cells from oxidative stress by converting superoxide, O2−, to O2 and hydrogen peroxide...
water. Copper is also found in many superoxidedismutases, proteins that catalyze the decomposition of superoxides by converting it (by disproportionation)...
Other enzymes containing manganese are arginase and Mn-containing superoxidedismutase (Mn-SOD). Also the enzyme class of reverse transcriptases of many...
Other enzymes containing manganese are arginase and a Mn-containing superoxidedismutase (Mn-SOD). Some reverse transcriptases of many retroviruses (although...
water. Copper is also found in many superoxidedismutases, proteins that catalyze the decomposition of superoxides by converting it (by disproportionation)...
oxygen-producing photosynthesis but had not yet evolved enzymes (such as superoxidedismutase) for living in an oxygenated environment. These cyanobacteria would...
copper concentration. In addition to it, a rise in the activities of superoxidedismutase (SOD), chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase...
Holley, Aaron; St Clair, Daret K. (1 February 2011). "Mitochondrial SuperoxideDismutase - Signals of Distinction". Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry...
(3): 1009–16. doi:10.1021/bi051571c. PMID 16411777. "The Single SuperoxideDismutase of Rhodobacter capsulatus Is a Cambialistic, Manganese-Containing...
Roe JH (March 2006). "Nur, a nickel-responsive regulator of the Fur family, regulates superoxidedismutases and nickel transport in Streptomyces coelicolor"...
and anti-biofouling. In 1996 and 1997, Dugan et al. discovered superoxidedismutase (SOD)-mimicking activities of fullerene derivatives. The term "nanozyme"...
from biochemistry is found at the active site of copper-containing superoxidedismutase. The M2(μ-imidazolate) motif underpins materials comprising zeolitic...
capacity, decrease in catalase activities and significant increase in superoxidedismutase activities and malondialdehyde levels. The complex composition and...
hydrogen peroxide. These systems include peroxidases, catalases, and superoxidedismutases. A complementary metalloprotein to those that react with oxygen...
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