Hypoxic and ischemic brain injury in the newborn, perinatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoxic and ischemic brain injury
Specialty
Pediatrics
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE), previously known as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (neonatal HIE or NHIE), is defined as a encephalopathy syndrome with signs and symptoms of abnormal neurological function, in the first few days of life in an infant born after 35 weeks of gestation. [1][2] In this condition there is difficulty initiating and maintaining respirations, a subnormal level of consciousness, and associated depression of tone, reflexes, and possibly seizures.[3] Hypoxia refers to deficiency of oxygen, Ischemia refers to restriction in blood flow to the brain. The result is “encephalopathy” which refers to damaged brain cells.[4] Encephalopathy is a nonspecific response of the brain to injury which may occur via multiple methods, but is commonly caused by birth asphyxia, leading to cerebral hypoxia. [2][3]
^Neonatal Encephalopathy and Neurologic Outcome (Second ed.). American Academy of Pediatrics. 2017-04-17. p. 1518. doi:10.1542/9781610020862-part06-neonatal_encephalopathy. ISBN 978-1-934984-30-7. S2CID 243921388.
^ ab"Neonatal Encephalopathy". adhb.govt.nz. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
^ abPerlman JM, Polin RA (2008). Neurology. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 9781416031574. OCLC 489075193.
Neonatalencephalopathy (NE), previously known as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (neonatal HIE or NHIE), is defined as a encephalopathy syndrome...
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during birth there is now evidence that hypothermia therapy for neonatalencephalopathy applied within 6 hours of cerebral hypoxia effectively improves...
Kennedy Shriver NICHD Neonatal Research Network) (May 2012). "Childhood outcomes after hypothermia for neonatalencephalopathy". The New England Journal...
specific illness but can sometimes be among the first indicators of neonatalencephalopathy. However, the Apgar test's purpose is to determine quickly whether...
brain damage after cardiac arrest by 40%. Hypothermia therapy for neonatalencephalopathy has been proven to improve outcomes for newborn infants affected...
receive additional care before being discharged. Neonatal refers to the first 28 days of life. Neonatal care, as known as specialized nurseries or intensive...
preventing cerebral palsy in babies born with neonatalencephalopathy caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). It can also be used to provide neuroprotection...
neurologic sequelae in the immediate neonatal period, or evidence of multiorgan system dysfunction in the immediate neonatal period. Hypoxic damage can occur...
Neonatal nursing is a sub-specialty of nursing care for newborn infants up to 28 days after birth. The term neonatal comes from neo, "new", and natal,...
commonly) fetuses; premature infants are at the greatest risk of neonatalencephalopathy which may lead to this condition. Affected individuals generally...
Neonatal infections are infections of the neonate (newborn) acquired during prenatal development or within the first four weeks of life. Neonatal infections...
as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.[citation needed] The most widely known training/certification for neonatal resuscitation is the Neonatal Resuscitation...
due to a secondary cause). Most neonatal seizures are due to secondary causes. With hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy being the most common cause in full...
(July 2007). "Long-term cognitive and behavioral consequences of neonatalencephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia: a review". European Journal of Pediatrics...
Rett syndrome in females) carried to term, who were affected by neonatalencephalopathy and died before 2 years of age. The incidence of Rett syndrome...
chronic bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus). Quick and accurate treatment of neonatal jaundice helps to reduce the risk of neonates developing kernicterus...
unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia during the neonatal period. The blood–brain barrier is not fully functional in neonates and therefore bilirubin is able to cross...
brain malformations.: 811 With the classical, or neonatal presentation of glycine encephalopathy, the infant is born after an unremarkable pregnancy...
neurological outcome in survivors, and hypothermia therapy for neonatalencephalopathy begun within 6 hours of birth significantly increases the chance...
cold compression therapy by ambient cold: hypothermia therapy for neonatalencephalopathy (in newborns) targeted temperature management (therapeutic hypothermia...
indications include babies that requires ventilatory support, neonatalencephalopathy, and signs and symptoms that suggests central nervous system disorder...
likelihood for neonatalencephalopathy when mothers have intrapartum fever. Chorioamnionitis has possible associations with numerous neonatal conditions....
J. (2007). "Long-term cognitive and behavioral consequences of neonatalencephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia: A review". European Journal of Pediatrics...
myoclonic encephalopathy (EME) is a rare neonatal-onset epilepsy developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) with an onset at neonatal period or...
2000). "Pilot study of treatment with whole body hypothermia for neonatalencephalopathy". Pediatrics. 106 (4): 684–694. doi:10.1542/peds.106.4.684. ISSN 1098-4275...
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