For the Sino-Tibetan language, see Mondzi language.
Munji
منجاني ألڤزأن Munjoni ālavzān
Native to
Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan
Ethnicity
Munji
Native speakers
5,300 (2008)[1]
Language family
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Iranian
Eastern
Munji–Yidgha?
Munji
Writing system
Perso-Arabic script[2][circular reference]
Language codes
ISO 639-3
mnj
Glottolog
munj1244
ELP
Munji
Linguasphere
58-ABD-ba
Munji is classified as Severely endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)[3]
The Munji language (Persian: مونجی), also known as Munjani (مونجانی, Munjani: منجاني ألڤزأن), Munjhan (مونجهان), and the Munjiwar language,[4] is a Pamir language spoken in the Munjan valley in the Kuran wa Munjan district of the Badakhshan province in northeast Afghanistan. It is similar to the Yidgha language, which is spoken in the Upper Lotkoh Valley of Chitral, west of Garam Chashma in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.[5]
Historically, Munji displays the closest possible linguistic affinity with the now-extinct Bactrian language.[6]
The Garam Chashma area became important during the Soviet–Afghan War. During the invasion, the Soviets were unable to stop the flow of arms and men back and forth across the Dorah Pass that separates Chitral, in Pakistan, from Badakshan in Afghanistan. The two dialects spoken in the area of Mamalgha Valley and the area of Munjan Valley differed, being the northern and southern dialects. The language has moved to parts of Chitral, after the War in Afghanistan forced the Munji-speaking people to flee to safer areas.[7]
Despite Dari being the predominant language of the region, attitudes towards Munji are highly positive, and among speakers, few predict a decline in use.[8]
^Munji at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^fa:زبان مونجی
^"Atlas of the world's languages in danger". unesdoc.unesco.org. p. 42. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
^"Did you know Munji is threatened?". Endangered Languages. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
^Risley, H.H.; E.A. Gait (1903). Report on the Census of India, 1901. Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing. p. 294. Archived from the original on 2011-07-06.
^Waghmar, Burzine K. (2001) 'Bactrian History and Language: An Overview.' Journal of the K. R. Cama Oriental Institute, 64. pp. 40-48.
^Decker, Kendell D. (1992). Languages of Chitral. National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan and Summer Institute of Linguistics. p. 50.
^Daniela Beyer; Simone Beck (2011). "A linguistics assessment of the Munji language in Afghanistan". Language Documentation and Conservation. 6: 38–103.
The Munjilanguage (Persian: مونجی), also known as Munjani (مونجانی, Munjani: منجاني ألڤزأن), Munjhan (مونجهان), and the Munjiwar language, is a Pamir...
other three Pamir groups. The extinct Sarghulami language of Badakhshan is thought to be of the Munji-Yidgha branch. There are about 2,500 speakers of...
Look up Munji in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Munji may refer to: Munjilanguage, an Iranian language of the Pamirs Yidgha-Munji people, the people...
the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Yidgha is similar to the Munjilanguage spoken on the Afghan side of the border. The Garam Chashma area became...
Frontier Languages, by Georg Morgenstiern. Vol. II. Iranian Pamir Languages (yidgha-munji, Sanglechi-ishkashmi and Wakhi). W. Nygaard. In this video, the...
Iranian languages such as Pashto and the Pamir subgroup of languages like Munji and Yidgha which are part of the same branch of the Pamir languages. Its...
Burushaski: بُرُݸشَسکݵ, romanized: burúśaski, IPA: [bʊˈruːɕʌskiː]) is a language isolate, spoken by the Burusho people, who predominantly reside in the...
voiced dental fricative /ð/ is preserved in some Pamir languages, it has in e.g. Pashto and Munji lenited further to /l/. On the other hand, in Yaghnobi...
Yidḡa and Munji (Munjāni); and Wakhi (Wāḵi) belongs with Khotanese. Excerpt 2: New Persian, the descendant of Middle Persian and official language of Iranian...
local language: хуг̌ну̊ни зив tr. khughnöni ziv; Tajik: шуғнонӣ, Persian: شغنانی), is one of the Pamir languages of the Southeastern Iranian language group...
classified as an Eastern Iranian language. It shares features with the Munjilanguage, which is the closest existing language to the extinct Bactrian, but...
classified as an Eastern Iranian language. It shares features with the Munjilanguage, which is the closest existing language to the extinct Bactrian, but...
1946. pp. 173–174. ... and their language is most closely related to on the one hand with Saka on the other with Munji-Yidgha Bečka, Jiří (1969). A Study...
palatal plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this...
1976. Language in Ethiopia. London: Oxford University Press. Beyer, Daniela and Simone Beck. 2011. A Linguistic Assessment of the Munjilanguage in Afghanistan...
the Lolo-Burmese languages. Monji or Mondzi is reportedly spoken in some villages of Muyang Township, Funing County, Yunnan, China. Munji is reportedly spoken...
across the country. Minor languages include: Ashkunu, Kamkata-viri, Vasi-vari, Tregami and Kalasha-ala, Pamiri (Shughni, Munji, Ishkashimi and Wakhi), Brahui...
Muneji Munemura (宗村 宗二, Munemura Muneji) (born October 1, 1943) is a Japanese wrestler and Olympic champion in Greco-Roman wrestling. He finished fourth...
An endangered language is a language that is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native...
standard has similarities to the orthographies of other Pamir languages, such as Shughni and Munji. Notes: Letter alef at the beginning of a word can serve...
Pashayi or Pashai (پشه اې ژبه) is a group of Indo-Aryan languages spoken by the Pashai people in parts of Kapisa, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nuristan, Kunar...
refer to: Niger Movement for Justice, a rebel group in Niger Munjilanguage, a language of Afghanistan Middletown and New Jersey Railroad, reporting mark...
Koksha (Dari: کوکچه, Munji: قوقشه, Pashto: کوکشه) is a valley that is located in Badakhshan's Kuran Wa Munjan District in Afghanistan. Koksha is famous...
work as agricultural labourers. Their tents are made from split bamboo or munji grass, and their encampments can be found at the edges of villages, as well...
effect can be shown in words such as munae (munn-náe) ‘be abundant’, and in munji (munn-nji) ‘forget’. In CV positions, the following consonants are used:...
people Pashtun people Rohilla people Tajiks of Pakistan Wakhi people Yidgha-Munji people Nuristani people Kata people Kom people Mumo people Arabs or mixed...
Minister's son "Put Chutney" Rajmohan as Jeepakaran's PA "Kutty Munji" Vivek Anandan as Kutty Munji Prakash Arumugam as Reporter Sabari as Newsreader Balaji...
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