Hunza, Nagar, Ghizer, Gilgit (Pakistan) and Hari Parbat, Jammu and Kashmir (India)[1]
Ethnicity
Burusho
Native speakers
130,000 (2018–2020)[2]
Language family
Language isolate
Dialects
Burushaski (Yasin)
Burushaski (Hunza-Nagar)
Language codes
ISO 639-3
bsk
Glottolog
buru1296
ELP
Burushaski
Burushaski is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
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Burushaski (/ˌbʊrʊˈʃæski/;[3] Burushaski: بُرُݸشَسکݵ, romanized: burúśaski,[4]IPA:[bʊˈruːɕʌskiː]) is a language isolate, spoken by the Burusho people, who predominantly reside in the northern Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.[5][6] There are also a few hundred speakers of this language in the northern Jammu and Kashmir, India.[5][7] In Pakistan, Burushaski is spoken by people in the Hunza District, the Nagar District, the northern Gilgit District, the Yasin Valley in the Gupis-Yasin District and the Ishkoman Valley of the northern Ghizer District. Their native region is located in northern Gilgit–Baltistan. It also borders with the Pamir corridor to the north. In India, Burushaski is spoken in Botraj Mohalla of the Hari Parbat region in Srinagar.[1][8] It is generally believed that the language was spoken in a much wider area in the past. It is also known as Werchikwar and Miśa:ski.[9]
Due to the effects of dominant languages in Pakistani media, such as Urdu, Standard Punjabi and English, and the religious impact of Arabic and Persian, Burushaski, like other languages of Pakistan, is continuously expanding its vocabulary with loanwords.[10]
^ abMunshi, Sadaf (2006). Jammu and Kashmir Burushashki: Language, Language Contact, and Change. The University of Texas at Austin. p. 6. The J & K Burushos – speakers of the variety of Burushaski spoken in Jammu & Kashmir (henceforth "JKB") in India – are settled in and around a small locality by the foothills of Hari Parbat Fort in Srinagar, the capital of the state of Jammu & Kashmir (henceforth "J & K").
^Burushaski at Ethnologue (27th ed., 2024)
^Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
^Cite error: The named reference b-u-dict-vol1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ab"Pakistan's 'Burushaski' Language Finds New Relatives". NPR. 20 June 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2017. It's spoken by about 90,000 people, the Burusho people, and nearly all of them live in Pakistan. A few hundred live in India.
^"Encyclopedia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia". Original.britannica.com. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
^Ahmed, Musavir (2016). "Ethnicity, Identity and Group Vitality: A study of Burushos of Srinagar". Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies. 3 (1): 1–10. doi:10.29333/ejecs/51. ISSN 2149-1291.
^"Dissertation Abstracts". Linguist List. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
^"Burushaski". Ethnologue. 19 February 1999. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
^Shams, Shammim Ara (2020). "The Impact of Dominant Languages on Regional Languages: A Case Study of English, Urdu and Shina". Pakistan Social Sciences Review. 4 (III): 1092–1106. doi:10.35484/pssr.2020(4-III)79.
Burushaski (/ˌbʊrʊˈʃæski/; Burushaski: بُرُݸشَسکݵ, romanized: burúśaski, IPA: [bʊˈruːɕʌskiː]) is a language isolate, spoken by the Burusho people, who...
injunctions of the Ismaili Imams. The Burushaski Qasida has had a pivotal role in developing the Burushaski language. Burushaski had been a broken, oral tongue...
The Hunza Valley (Burushaski: ہُنزݳ دِش, romanized: Hunza Dish; Wakhi/Urdu: وادی ہنزہ) is a mountainous valley in the northern part of the Gilgit-Baltistan...
with the Burushaski language of northern Pakistan. Hyde Clarke (1870) first noted a possible connection between the Yeniseian and Burushaski languages...
The Burusho, or Brusho (Burushaski: بُرُشݸ, burúśu), also known as the Botraj, are an ethnolinguistic group indigenous to the Yasin, Hunza, Nagar, and...
of Gumuz and Koman Languages". Language Isolates in Africa Workshop. "Burushaski Script In Roman Perso Arabic Characters Okayed". Dawn News. 2 February...
Rakaposhi (Burushaski: رآکاپوݜی, lit. 'Shining Wall'; Urdu: راکاپوشی) also known as Dumani (Burushaski: دومآنی, lit. 'Mother of Mist') is a mountain within...
isolates: the Nihali language, spoken in parts of Maharashtra, and the Burushaski language, spoken in parts of Jammu and Kashmir. 1,000,000 people in India...
is not classified as a Munda nor a Dravidian language. It thus joins Burushaski, Nihali and (potentially) the substrate of the Vedda language in the list...
languages have a Burushaski-like substratum. Although Burushaski is today spoken in Pakistan to the south of the Pamir language area, Burushaski formerly had...
Hunza Valley in Pakistan are another distinct population; they speak Burushaski, a language isolate. The traditions of different ethnic groups in South...
spoken in Europe, Zuni of New Mexico, Purépecha of Mexico, Ainu of Japan, Burushaski of Pakistan, and many others. The language family of the world that has...
languages. The subcontinent is also home to a few language isolates, like Burushaski, Kusunda, Nihali, and Vedda. Areally, the influence of the languages extend...
The other language isolates found in the rest of South Asia include Burushaski, a language spoken in Gilgit–Baltistan (administered by Pakistan), Kusunda...
world eg Burushaski, Urdu, Persian, Arabic, Turkish, French, English Etc. and also the first person to have Diwan in his language Burushaski. The government...
macrofamily, which includes the North Caucasian languages together with Basque, Burushaski, Na-Dené, Sino-Tibetan, and Yeniseian. This proposal is rejected by most...
company. It is used for languages such as Urdu, Arabic, Balti, Balochi, Burushaski, Pashto, Persian, Punjabi, Sindhi and Shina under Windows and macOS. It...
in Pakistan have also been found to have tonal distinctions, including Burushaski, Gojri, Kalami, Shina, and Torwali, though these seem to be independent...
inflectional morphological collocation is the plural form of nouns in Burushaski: Burushaski has about 70 plural suffixal morphemes The plurals are semantically...
lexical correspondences between Hattic and Yeniseian languages, as well as Burushaski language; for instance, "tongue" is alef in Hattic and alup in Kott, "moon"...
language small language families and isolates of the Indian subcontinent: Burushaski, Kusunda, and Nihali. The Vedda language of Sri Lanka is likely an isolate...
Mainland Southeast Asia linguistic area. Retroflex consonants in the Burushaski, Nuristani, Dravidian, Munda, and Indo-Aryan families of South Asia. The...
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