Use of mobile technologies in global development strategies
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Mobiles for development (M4D), a more specific iteration of Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D), refers to the use of mobile technologies in global development strategies. Focusing on the fields of international and socioeconomic development and human rights, M4D relies on the theory that increased access to mobile devices acts as an integral cornerstone in the promotion of overall societal development.
Once viewed as an item of luxury and privilege, mobile phones and devices have become a near necessity throughout the developed and developing world alike.[1] According to a 2007 United Nations study, over two thirds of the world's mobile phones are owned and utilized within developing countries.[2] With less-developed wired infrastructure and the high cost associated with its modernization and implementation, the adoption of cellular technologies can be attributed to a necessary leapfrogging of traditional telephony and communication technologies.[3] In addition, the unsound and undependable electrical infrastructure of many developing countries does not cater well to mass hardwired ICT adoption. The portability, battery power, and flexibility of mobile technologies is well suited to the common pursuits and lifestyles of those residing in the developing world.[4]
This mass adoption of ICTs and mobile phones as well the increased quality and expanse of signal coverage within many developing countries has led to increased academic, socioeconomic, and political attention as the various impacts of the M4D movement continue to expand.[5] In addition to the predictable developmental outcomes of mobile adoption including increased economic agency, unforeseen progress has been experienced in the forms of individual empowerment, female agency, as well as familial and community growth.
The opportunities for effective mass mobilization and aggregation of information and data offered by developmental movements utilizing cellular telephones and other mobile devices such as tablets have been widely featured in the mass media and academia. Literature on this matter is being steadily produced as developing countries continue to adopt mobile technologies at a remarkable rate.[6]
^Aker, J; Mbiti, I (2010). "Mobile phones and economic development in Africa". The Journal of Economic Perspectives. 24 (3): 207–232. doi:10.1257/jep.24.3.207. JSTOR 20799163.
^Blumenstock, Joshua Evan; Eagle, Nathan (2012). "Divided We Call: Disparities in Access and Use of Mobile Phones in Rwanda". Information Technologies and International Development. 8 (2): 1–16. Retrieved 1 February 2014.
^Heijenk, Geert; Liu, Fei (2005). "Interference-Based Routing in Multi-hop Wireless Infrastructures". In Braun, Torsten (ed.). Wired/Wireless Internet Communications: Third International Conference, WWIC. Springer. p. 117. ISBN 9783540258995. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
^Vincent, Katharine; Cull, Tracy (Spring 2013). ""Ten Seeds": How Mobiles Have Contributed to Development in Women-Led Farming Cooperatives in Leshotho". Information Technologies & International Development. 9 (1): 37–48.
^Vincent, Katharine; Cull, Tracy (Spring 2013). ""Ten Seeds": How Mobiles Have Contributed to Development in Women-Led Farming Cooperatives in Lesotho". Information Technologies & International Development. 9 (1): 37–48.
^International Telecommunication Union (2013). "Key ICT indicators for developed and developing countries and the world (totals and penetration rates)" (Spreadsheet). Retrieved 2 March 2014.
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