Early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes in the family Onchocercidae
Microfilaria of Dirofilaria immitis (heartworms) in a lymph node impression smear from a dog with lymphoma. This baby nematode is snuggled down in a pillow of intermediate-to-large, immature lymphocytes, exhibiting multiple criteria of malignancy (1,000X magnification; courtesy Lance Wheeler)Microfilaria found in blood slides LACEN State Laboratory of Amazonas Brazil
The microfilaria (plural microfilariae, sometimes abbreviated mf) is an early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes in the family Onchocercidae.[1] In these species, the adults live in a tissue or the circulatory system of vertebrates (the "definitive hosts"). They release microfilariae into the bloodstream of the vertebrate host. The microfilariae are taken up by blood-feeding arthropod vectors (the "intermediate hosts"). In the intermediate host the microfilariae develop into infective larvae that can be transmitted to a new vertebrate host.
The presence of microfilariae in the host bloodstream is called "microfilaraemia". The success of filariasis eradication programs is typically gauged by the reduction in numbers of circulating microfilariae in infested individuals within a geographic area.[2]
Microfilaria may also refer to an informal "collective group" genus name, proposed by Cobbold in 1882. While a convenient category for newly discovered microfilariae which can not be assigned to a known species because the adults are unknown,[3] it is seldom used today.
^Anderson, R.C. (2000) Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates: Their Development and Transmission. Second Edition. CABI Publishing: Wallingford, England, pp. 472–475. ISBN 0851997864
^Farid, H.A., Z.S. Morsy, H. Helmy, R.M.R. Ramzy, M. El Setouhy, and G.J. Weil (2007) "A critical appraisal of molecular xenomonitoring as a tool for assessing progress toward elimination of lymphatic filariasis." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 77(4):593-600.
^Purnomo; Bangs, M.J. (1995) "Microfilaria sundaicus sp.n., a Chabfilaria-like parasite (Filarioidea: Onchocerciae) from the blood of the horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus affinis) in Flores, Indonesia". Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 62(1):32-34.
The microfilaria (plural microfilariae, sometimes abbreviated mf) is an early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes in the family Onchocercidae...
microfilariae while feeding on the host's blood. Once inside the vector, the microfilaria sheds its sheaths and escapes through the walls of the midgut into the...
technique allows examination of larval motion, confirming the presence of microfilaria. It also helps in the distinction of D. immitis from Acanthocheilonema...
fly takes a blood meal on an infected human host, and ingests microfilaria. The microfilaria enter the gut and thoracic flight muscles of the black fly,...
humans. These are ingested by mosquitoes when they bite. The ingested microfilaria mature and eventually migrate to the insect proboscis from where they...
ovoviviparous and can produce thousands of juveniles known as microfilariae. The microfilaria is a miniature adult, and retains the egg membrane as a sheath, and is...
host the microfilaria can develop further till the vector conveys it to another definitive host. In the new definitive host the microfilaria complete...
have over 30,000 microfilaria per milliliter of blood risk inflammation and capillary blockage due to the rapid death of the microfilaria following ivermectin...
patients with a low microfilaria load (with densities less than 8000 mf/mL).[citation needed] In patients with high microfilaria load and/or the possibility...
patch is placed on the skin, and if the patient is infected with the microfilaria of O. volvulus, localized pruritus and urticaria are seen at the application...
ability to transmit (tropical) diseases, and Sycorax silacea can transmit microfilaria. Inhalation of insect fragments may cause respiratory asthma. This family...
Dennis DT, Partono F (December 1977). "The microfilaria of Brugia timori (Partono et al. 1977 = Timor microfilaria, David and Edeson, 1964): morphologic description...
filariasis-depletion of Wolbachia endosymbionts from Wuchereria bancrofti and stop of microfilaria production". Medical Microbiology and Immunology. 192 (4): 211–6. doi:10...
worms mate and the females produce an average of 10,000 sheathed eggs (microfilaria) daily The microfilariae enter the blood stream and exhibit nocturnal...
filariasis-depletion of Wolbachia endosymbionts from Wuchereria bancrofti and stop of microfilaria production". Medical Microbiology and Immunology. 192 (4): 211–216. doi:10...
sensitivity of different Diagnostic techniques for the detection of microfilaria" (PDF). Veterinary World. 8: 229–232. Merck, Melinda D.; Miller, Doris...
similar or closely related to another filarial roundworm then named Microfilaria bancrofti (now Wuchereria bancrofti), described by an English naturalist...
the disease from other animals rather than from intraspecifics. The microfilaria of Dipetalonema dracuneuloides have been recorded in spotted hyenas in...
parasite which causes it, Onchocerca volvulus. In 1928 he showed that microfilaria were present in the eye and optic nerve, and in 1930, he identified Simulium...
introduction of microorganisms into the host, such as bacteria, viruses, microfilaria, fungus and protozoa. Saladin, Kenneth S.; Miller, Leslie (2004). "18"...
Samarawickrema. "Efficacy of a single dose treatment of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria carriers with diethylcarbamazine in Matara, Sri Lanka." The Ceylon Medical...
cactus wrens showed that a common parasite is Avifilaris (a type of microfilaria parasitic worm), which are spread by biting insects. Little is known...
filariasis-depletion of Wolbachia endosymbionts from Wuchereria bancrofti and stop of microfilaria production". Medical Microbiology and Immunology. 192 (4): 211–216. doi:10...
dogs is transmitted by species of Culex and Aedes. See photograph of microfilaria stage of Dirofilaria immitus in blood of dog; adult worms in dog's heart...
PMC 2189850. PMID 1092795. Tham, MH; Hall, IB (July 1971). "Impacted microfilaria in the lens capsule". The British Journal of Ophthalmology. 55 (7): 484–6...
onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. It should be distinguished from Microfilaria semiclarum (a parasite of animals which sometimes causes accidental infections...
invade the epithelial cells before the matrix is excreted. Many helminth microfilaria and arboviruses (arthropod borne viruses) are transmitted to the mosquito...
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