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Metoclopramide information


Metoclopramide
Clinical data
Pronunciation/ˌmɛtəˈklɒprəmd/
Trade namesPrimperan, Reglan, others[1]
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa684035
License data
  • US DailyMed: Metoclopramide
  • US FDA: Metoclopramide
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: A[2]
Routes of
administration
By mouth, intravenous, intramuscular, nasal spray
Drug classD2 receptor antagonist; 5-HT3 receptor antagonist; 5-HT4 receptor agonist; Prolactin releaser
ATC code
  • A03FA01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • CA: ℞-only
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: WARNING[3]Rx-only[4]
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability80 ± 15% (by mouth)
MetabolismLiver
Elimination half-life5–6 hours
ExcretionUrine: 70–85%
Feces: 2%
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 4-Amino-5-chloro-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide
CAS Number
  • 364-62-5 checkY
PubChem CID
  • 4168
IUPHAR/BPS
  • 241
DrugBank
  • DB01233 checkY
ChemSpider
  • 4024 checkY
UNII
  • L4YEB44I46
KEGG
  • D00726 checkY
  • as HCl: D05008 checkY
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:107736 checkY
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL86 checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID6045169 Edit this at Wikidata
ECHA InfoCard100.006.058 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC14H22ClN3O2
Molar mass299.80 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
Melting point147.3 °C (297.1 °F)
SMILES
  • Clc1cc(c(OC)cc1N)C(=O)NCCN(CC)CC
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C14H22ClN3O2/c1-4-18(5-2)7-6-17-14(19)10-8-11(15)12(16)9-13(10)20-3/h8-9H,4-7,16H2,1-3H3,(H,17,19) checkY
  • Key:TTWJBBZEZQICBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Metoclopramide is a medication used for stomach and esophageal problems.[5] It is commonly used to treat and prevent nausea and vomiting, to help with emptying of the stomach in people with delayed stomach emptying, and to help with gastroesophageal reflux disease.[6] It is also used to treat migraine headaches.[7]

Common side effects include: feeling tired, diarrhea, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia. More serious side effects include neuroleptic malignant syndrome and depression.[6] It is thus rarely recommended that people take the medication for longer than twelve weeks.[6] No evidence of harm has been found after being taken by many pregnant women.[6][8] It belongs to the group of medications known as dopamine-receptor antagonists and works as a prokinetic.[6]

In 2012, metoclopramide was one of the top 100 most prescribed medications in the United States.[9] It is available as a generic medication.[6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[10] In 2020, it was the 352nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 600,000 prescriptions.[11]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference generics was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ "Metoclopramide Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  3. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference Reglan FDA label was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ "Metoclopramide". MedlinePlus. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e f "Metoclopramide hydrochloride". Monograph. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  7. ^ Becker WJ (June 2015). "Acute Migraine Treatment in Adults". Headache. 55 (6): 778–793. doi:10.1111/head.12550. PMID 25877672. S2CID 23327034.
  8. ^ "Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database". Australian Government. 3 March 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  9. ^ Bartholow M. "Top 200 Drugs of 2012". Pharmacy Times. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  10. ^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
  11. ^ "Metoclopramide - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.

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Metoclopramide

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Domperidone

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are different from those of other dopamine receptor antagonists like metoclopramide and it produces little in the way of central nervous system adverse...

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Clebopride

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related to metoclopramide. A small Spanish study found that more adverse reactions are reported with clebopride than with metoclopramide, particularly...

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Bromopride

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prokinetic properties widely used as an antiemetic, closely related to metoclopramide. It is not available in the United States. Bromopride appears to be...

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Levosulpiride

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antipsychotic and antidepressant activity. Other benzamide derivatives include metoclopramide, tiapride, and sultopride. Sulpiride Veralipride Benzamide "Levosulpiride...

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Cisapride

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commonly used to treat GI stasis in rabbits, sometimes in conjunction with metoclopramide (Reglan). Oral bioavailability of cisapride is approximately 33%. It...

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Alizapride

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including postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is structurally related to metoclopramide and other benzamides. Ballatori E, Roila F (September 2003). "Impact...

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Tardive dyskinesia

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of dopamine-receptor-blocking medications such as antipsychotics and metoclopramide. These medications are usually used for mental illness but may also...

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Extrapyramidal symptoms

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lower rates of EPS. Other anti-dopaminergic drugs, like the antiemetic metoclopramide, can also result in extrapyramidal side effects. Short and long-term...

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Droperidol

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ondansetron are equally effective; droperidol is more effective than metoclopramide. It has also been used as an antipsychotic in doses ranging from 5 to...

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Galactagogue

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treat low milk supply. Synthetic galactagogues such as domperidone and metoclopramide interact with the dopamine system in such a way to increase the production...

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Oculogyric crisis

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carbamazepine, chloroquine, cisplatin, diazoxide, levodopa, lithium, metoclopramide, lurasidone, domperidone, nifedipine, pemoline,[citation needed] phencyclidine...

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Maropitant

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chlorpromazine and metoclopramide for centrally mediated vomiting induced by apomorphine or xylazine. It works better than chlorpromazine and metoclopramide for vomiting...

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Akathisia

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side-effect may also include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, metoclopramide, and reserpine, though any medication listing agitation as a side effect...

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Metopimazine

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blood–brain barrier and hence to have peripheral selectivity, in contrast to metoclopramide but similarly to domperidone. Unlike domperidone however, metopimazine...

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Esophagitis

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poor, and following a safety review, licensed use of domperidone and metoclopramide is now restricted to short-term use in nausea and vomiting only. To...

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Opisthotonus

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rare extrapyramidal side effect of phenothiazines, haloperidol, and metoclopramide.[citation needed] Opisthotonus with the presence of the risus sardonicus...

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Hyperprolactinaemia

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reflux and medication-induced nausea (such as that from chemotherapy): metoclopramide (Reglan) and domperidone; less often, alpha-methyldopa and reserpine...

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Biperiden

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effects and side effects of pethidine may be increased. Metoclopramide : Action of metoclopramide is decreased. Alcohol : Risk of serious intoxication....

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MDMA

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Agonists: 5-MT BIMU8 Capeserod Cinitapride Cisapride CJ-033466 Dazopride Metoclopramide Minesapride Mosapride Prucalopride PRX-03140 Renzapride RS-67,333 RS-67...

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Trihexyphenidyl

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effects and side effects of pethidine may be increased. Metoclopramide : Action of metoclopramide is decreased. Alcohol : Risk of serious intoxication....

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Nausea

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The most commonly prescribed antiemetics in the US are promethazine, metoclopramide, and the newer ondansetron. The word nausea is from Latin nausea, from...

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Itan

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the Yoruba people Itan, a trade name used in Chile for a medication (Metoclopramide) used to treat digestive problems iTAN, Indexed Transaction authentication...

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Ketamine

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Clebopride Deudomperidone Domperidone Eticlopride Hydroxyzine Itopride Metoclopramide Metopimazine Promethazine Thiethylperazine Trazpiroben Trimethobenzamide...

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LSD

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Clebopride Deudomperidone Domperidone Eticlopride Hydroxyzine Itopride Metoclopramide Metopimazine Promethazine Thiethylperazine Trazpiroben Trimethobenzamide...

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Secobarbital

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antiemetic efficacy of secobarbital and chlorpromazine compared to metoclopramide, diphenhydramine, and dexamethasone. A randomized trial". Cancer. 58...

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