Location of Maryul and neighbouring polities in the early 1000s.
Capital
Shey
Religion
Tibetan Buddhism
Government
Monarchy
• c. 930–c. 960
Lhachen Palgyigon (first)
History
• Established
c. 930
• Disestablished
1842
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Era of Fragmentation
Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)
Today part of
China India Pakistan
Maryul (Ladakhi: མར་ཡུལ།), also called mar-yul of mnga'-ris,[1][2] was the western most Tibetan kingdom based in modern-day Ladakh and some parts of Tibet. The kingdom had its capital at Shey.[3][4][5]
The kingdom was founded by Lhachen Palgyigon, during the rule of his father Kyide Nyimagon, in c. 930.[6] It stretched from the Zoji La at the border of Kashmir to Demchok in the southeast, and included Rudok and other areas presently in Tibet.[7][8] The kingdom came under the control of the Namgyal dynasty in 1460, eventually acquiring the name "Ladakh", and lasted until 1842. In that year, the Dogra general Zorawar Singh, having conquered it, made it part of the would-be princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.
^Fisher, Rose & Huttenback, Himalayan Battleground (1963), p. 19: "Mar-yul (literally "lower land") is the common Tibetan name for the Leh district in Ladakh. Mngah-ris (Mnga-ris), although now restricted to West Tibet, then referred to the entire territory between the Zoji and Mayum passes."
^Petech, The Kingdom of Ladakh (1977).
^Fisher, Rose & Huttenback, Himalayan Battleground (1963), pp. 18–19.
^Dorjay, Embedded in Stone (2014), p. 53: "Shey, about 15 km southeast of Leh, was an ancient capital of Ladakh. In the tenth century CE the first king of Ladakh, lHa chen dPal gyi mgon, apparently constructed the hilltop fortress whose ruins can be seen above the present Shey Palace. Shey possesses a number of early Buddhist rock sculptures, many of which are about a metre in height."
^Howard & Howard, Historic Ruins in the Gya Valley (2014), p. 88: From the diary of Mirza Haidar Dughlat: "The Chui [Jo plural, i.e. rulers] of Maryul, named Tashikun and Lata Jughdan, ...... gave us the castle of Sheya [Shey] which is the capital of Maryul [to live in during the winter]"
^Petech, The Kingdom of Ladakh (1977), p. 17: "it seems that his father bequeathed him a theoretical right of sovereignty, but the actual conquest was effected by dPal-gyi-mgon himself."
^Fisher, Rose & Huttenback, Himalayan Battleground (1963), p. 19: "The Ladakhi chronicles state that the eldest son, Pal-gyi-gön (Dpal-gyi-mgon), received Ladakh and the Rudok area;..."
^Francke, Antiquities of Indian Tibet (1992), p. 94.
Maryul (Ladakhi: མར་ཡུལ།), also called mar-yul of mnga'-ris, was the western most Tibetan kingdom based in modern-day Ladakh and some parts of Tibet. The...
Ladakh is derived from Persian: ladāx. The region was previously known as Maryul (see page for etymology). Medieval Islamic scholars called Ladakh the "Great...
a local dynasty that would go on to create the kingdoms of Purang-Guge, Maryul, and Zanskar. The dissolution of a centralized empire returned imperial...
the Gyalpo of Ladakh. The Namgyal dynasty succeeded the first dynasty of Maryul and had several conflicts with the neighboring Mughal Empire and various...
was divided among his three sons, giving rise to the three kingdoms of Maryul (Ladakh), Guge-Purang and Zanskar-Spiti. After the assassination of the...
lands into three parts. The king's eldest son Palgyigon became ruler of Maryul (Ladakh), his second son Trashigon (bKra shis mgon) received Guge-Purang...
founded by Od-de, the elder brother of Lha Lama Changchub Od, when he came to Maryul in the 11th century. He introduced the monastic community. When Lotsewa...
KALACHURIS (RATNAPURA) SENAS KARNATAS NAGVANSIS KAMARUPAS EASTERN GANGAS GUGE MARYUL LOHA- RAS SOOMRA EMIRATE MAKRAN SULTANATE ◁ ▷ It is also part of a longer...
to the Ladakh Chronicles, Bhagan was the son of Bhara in the kingdom of Maryul. Bhagan was described as warlike, and established the Namgyal dynasty in...
and raiding.: 17 : 13 The chronicles then describe the establishment of Maryul by descendants of the central Tibetan monarchy in the 10th century.: 17 : 17–18 ...
towards Hemis. Shey was founded as the summer capital of Ladakh (then called Maryul), by the king Lhachen Palgyigon in the 10th century, with Leh being winter...
royal lineage fragmented and ruled over small kingdoms such as Guge and Maryul. The Mongol Empire conquered Tibet in 1244 but granted the region a degree...
KALACHURIS (RATNAPURA) SENAS KARNATAS NAGVANSIS KAMARUPAS EASTERN GANGAS GUGE MARYUL LOHA- RAS SOOMRA EMIRATE MAKRAN SULTANATE ◁ ▷ On the eve of the Ghurid...
and a Consideration of Their Relationship to the History of Ladakh and Maryul", in Lo Bue, Erberto; Bray, John (eds.), Art and Architecture in Ladakh:...
Global Information
