The Mehrangarh Fort was built in medieval India during the reign of Jodha of Mandore
Medieval India refers to a long period of post-classical history of the Indian subcontinent between the "ancient period" and "modern period". It is usually regarded as running approximately from the breakup of the Gupta Empire in the 6th century CE to the start of the early modern period in 1526 with the start of the Mughal Empire, although some historians regard it as both starting and finishing later than these points. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the early medieval and late medieval eras.
In the early medieval period, there were more than 40 different states on the Indian subcontinent, which hosted a variety of cultures, languages, writing systems, and religions.[1] At the beginning of the time period, Buddhism was predominant throughout the area, with the short-lived Pala Empire on the Indo Gangetic Plain sponsoring the Buddhist faith's institutions. One such institution was the Buddhist Nalanda mahavihara in modern-day Bihar, India, a centre of scholarship and brought a divided South Asia onto the global intellectual stage. Another accomplishment was the invention of the Chaturanga game which later was exported to Europe and became Chess.[2]
In Southern India, the Tamil Hindu Kingdom of Chola gained prominence with an overseas empire that controlled parts of modern-day Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Indonesia as oversees territories, and helped spread Hinduism and Buddhism into the historic cultural area of Southeast Asia.[3] In this time period, neighboring regions such as Afghanistan, Tibet, and Southeast Asia were under South Asian influence.[4]
During the late medieval period, a series of Islamic invasions from modern-day Central Asia, Afghanistan and Iran conquered massive portions of Northern India, founding the Delhi Sultanate which ruled until the 16th century.[5] As a consequence, Buddhism declined in South Asia, but Hinduism survived and reinforced itself in areas conquered by Muslim empires. In the far South, the Vijayanagara Empire resisted Muslim conquests, sparking a long rivalry with the Bahmani Sultanate. The turn of the 16th century would see introduction of gunpowder and the rise of a new Muslim empire—the Mughals, as well as the establishment of European trade posts by the Portuguese colonists.[6] Mughal Empire was one of the three Islamic gunpowder empires, along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia.[7][8][9] The subsequent cultural and technological developments transformed Indian society, concluding the late medieval period and beginning the early modern period.
^Keay, John (2000). India: A History. Grove Press. pp. xx–xxi.
^Murray, H.J.R. (1913). A History of Chess. Benjamin Press (originally published by Oxford University Press). ISBN 978-0-936317-01-4. OCLC 13472872.
^History of Asia by B.V. Rao p.211
^"The spread of Hinduism in Southeast Asia and the Pacific". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 16 January 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2016.
^Berger et al. 2016, p. 107.
^"mughal_index". www.columbia.edu. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
^Dodgson, Marshall G.S. (2009). The Venture of Islam. Vol. 3. University of Chicago Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-226-34688-5.
^Streusand, Douglas E. (2011). Islamic Gunpowder Empires: Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals. Philadelphia: Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-8133-1359-7.
^Charles T. Evans. "The Gunpowder Empires". Northern Virginia Community College. Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2010.
MedievalIndia refers to a long period of post-classical history of the Indian subcontinent between the "ancient period" and "modern period". It is usually...
South India, the Middle kingdoms exported Dravidian-languages scripts and religious cultures to the kingdoms of Southeast Asia. In the early medieval era...
This page examines the forms of taxation levied in India during the Middle Ages. Ghari was a tax on houses. It was introduced by Allauddin Khilji. Charah...
system in medievalIndia. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. [1] Salim Kidwai, "Sultans, Eunuchs and Domestics: New Forms of Bondage in MedievalIndia", in Utsa...
of India Outline of ancient India Taxation in medievalIndia The Cambridge History of India Timeline of Indian history Traditional games of India The...
& Company. p. 202. ISBN 978-0-393-04974-9. Hukum Chand. History of MedievalIndia. Anmol Publications PVT LTD. pp. 424, 433. ISBN 978-81-261-2313-1. "It...
Ghaznavid campaigns into India continued successfully Lal, Kishori Saran (1973). Growth of Muslim Population in MedievalIndia: A. D. 1000 - 1800. Research...
population in medievalIndia (A.D. 1000–1800). Delhi, Research Publications. Lal, K. S. (1995). Growth of scheduled tribes and castes in medievalIndia. New Delhi:...
system of teaching administration, including accountancy, in the early-medievalIndia. Modern scholars list them among Indian communities that were traditionally...
India, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern India, especially in the aftermath of the collapse of the Mughal...
topical guide to ancient India: Ancient India is the Indian subcontinent from prehistoric times to the start of MedievalIndia, which is typically dated...
coast as early as 630 CE. H. G. Rawlinson in his book Ancient and Medieval History of India claims that the first Arab Muslims settled on the Indian coast...
enabled the pursuit of scientific and artistic endeavors in India. The Golden Age of India came to an end when the Hunas invaded the Gupta Empire, in the...
encompasses two eras: Classical India, from the Maurya Empire up until the end of the Gupta Empire in 500 CE, and early MedievalIndia from 500 CE onwards. It...
began to rule over India directly as per the Government of India Act 1858. India was now a single empire comprising British India and the princely states...
Economic History of MedievalIndia, 1200–1500, pages 53–54, Pearson Education Irfan Habib (2011), Economic History of MedievalIndia, 1200–1500, page 54...
Economic History of MedievalIndia, 1200–1500, pp. 53–54, Pearson Education Irfan Habib (2011), Economic History of MedievalIndia, 1200–1500, p. 54, Pearson...
109–110. 10 August 2017. Chandra, Satish (1997). MedievalIndia: From Sultanate to the Mughals. New Delhi, India: Har-Anand Publications. pp. 101–102. ISBN 978-8124105221...
Medieval technology is the technology used in medieval Europe under Christian rule. After the Renaissance of the 12th century, medieval Europe saw a radical...
ISBN 978-9381699188. Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early MedievalIndia : from the Stone Age to the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson Education...
existence of the earliest forts in India have been substantiated by documentation and excavation. In the medieval times, the architecture of the forts...
established by the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India have also adopted an official emblem. Medieval royal insignia of the Pandya dynasty Emblem of the...
lowest-ranked landholder. According to scholars, in medieval times "the political units of India were probably ruled most often by men of very low birth"...
Medieval India VOLUME- I (PRE-MUGHALPERIOD). Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023. Chandra, Satish (1997). MedievalIndia: From...
131. ISBN 978-0-313-25234-1. Irfan Habib (2011), Economic History of MedievalIndia, 1200–1500, page 55, Pearson Education Ilaria Gozzini Giacosa, A Taste...
(2011). A Comprehensive History of MedievalIndia: Twelfth to the Mid-eighteenth Century. Pearson Education India. p. 309. ISBN 978-8131732021. Even more...
Population in MedievalIndia (1000-1800) is a book written by K. S. Lal published in 1973. The book attempts to assess the demographics of India between 1000...
Tughlaq's reign has been described as the greatest age of corruption in medievalIndia: He once gave a golden tanka to a distraught soldier so that he could...
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