The MON 810 corn is a genetically modified maize used around the world. It is a Zea mays line known as YieldGard from the company Monsanto.[1] This plant is a genetically modified organism (GMO) designed to combat crop loss due to insects. There is an inserted gene in the DNA of MON 810 which allows the plant to make a protein that harms insects that try to eat it. The inserted gene is from the Bacillus thuringiensis which produces the Bt protein that is poisonous to insects in the order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), including the European corn borer.
These genetically modified plants with Bt protein are grown on a large scale around the world.[2] Monsanto’s corn line MON 810 is produced by ballistically transforming another corn line with a plasmid, PV-ZMCT10.[3] This plasmid has a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and hsp70 maize intron sequences which drive the expression of the Cry1Ab gene. The gene then codes for delta endotoxins (Cry proteins) which are very potent toxins that provoke lesions in the cell membrane causing cell death.[4] These produced Bt proteins bind to certain localized sites on the epithelium of the midgut of insects.[1] Proteins need specific receptors on cells in order to form the Cry proteins and become toxic, which is why the toxins are specific for the order Lepidoptera.[5] The receptors are important for binding the toxic protein and starting the signal cascade, but the exact mechanism of these toxins is not well understood.[6]
^ abVan Rie J. et al. 1989. Specificity of Bacillius thuringiensis delta-endotoxins. Eur J Biochem 186: 239-247.
^ISAAA. 2009. Executive Summary Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/GM crops. http://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/briefs/39/executivesummmary/default.html[permanent dead link]
^United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Pesticide Programs. Biopesticides Registration Action Document. N.p., Sept. 2010. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-27. Retrieved 2012-12-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^Tilley ST, Saibil HR. 2006. The mechanism of pore formation by bacterial toxins. Curr Opin Struct Bio 16:230-236.
^Then, C. 2010. Risk assessment of toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis--synergism, efficacy, and selectivity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 17:791-797.
^Jimenez-Juarez et al. 2007. Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab mutants affecting oligomer formation are non-toxic to Manduca sexta larvae. J Biol Chem 282 29:21222-21229.
The MON810 corn is a genetically modified maize used around the world. It is a Zea mays line known as YieldGard from the company Monsanto. This plant...
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Amylomaize Baby Blue Dent Field Flint Flour Genetically modified List MON810MON 863 Purple Quality Protein Maize Shoepeg Sweet Varieties Waxy By origin...
Amylomaize Baby Blue Dent Field Flint Flour Genetically modified List MON810MON 863 Purple Quality Protein Maize Shoepeg Sweet Varieties Waxy By origin...
Maize/corn MON810MON 863 StarLink List of varieties of genetically modified maize/corn Potato Amflora Rice Golden rice Soybean Roundup ready soybean...
Amylomaize Baby Blue Dent Field Flint Flour Genetically modified List MON810MON 863 Purple Quality Protein Maize Shoepeg Sweet Varieties Waxy By origin...
Maize/corn MON810MON 863 StarLink List of varieties of genetically modified maize/corn Potato Amflora Rice Golden rice Soybean Roundup ready soybean...
Maize/corn MON810MON 863 StarLink List of varieties of genetically modified maize/corn Potato Amflora Rice Golden rice Soybean Roundup ready soybean...
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inserted with genetic engineering include Cry3Bb1 found in MON 863 and Cry1Ab found in MON810, both of which are maize/corn cultivars. Cry3Bb1 is particularly...
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or earlier English Suites, No. 4 F maj. Keyboard 451: 41 132: 41 V/7: 54 00942 810 8. 1725 or earlier English Suites, No. 5 E min. Keyboard 451: 53 132: 53...
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