Political philosophy incorporating liberal principles to socialism
This article is about the political philosophy that incorporates liberal principles with socialism. For the socialist anti-authoritarian, anti-statist and libertarian philosophy, see Libertarian socialism. For the variety of liberalism that endorses a regulated market economy and the expansion of civil and political rights, see Social liberalism.
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Liberal socialism is a political philosophy that incorporates liberal principles to socialism.[1] This synthesis sees liberalism as the political theory that takes the inner freedom of the human spirit as a given and adopts liberty as the goal, means and rule of shared human life. Socialism is seen as the method to realize this recognition of liberty through political and economic autonomy and emancipation from the grip of pressing material necessity.[2] Liberal socialism opposes abolishing certain components of capitalism and supports something approximating a mixed economy that includes both social ownership and private property in capital goods.[3][4]
Liberal socialism has been particularly prominent in British and Italian politics.[5] Its seminal ideas can be traced to John Stuart Mill, who theorised that capitalist societies should experience a gradual process of socialisation through worker-controlled enterprises, coexisting with private enterprises.[6] Mill rejected centralised models of socialism that he thought might discourage competition and creativity, but he argued that representation is essential in a free government and democracy could not subsist if economic opportunities were not well distributed, therefore conceiving democracy not just as a form of representative government, but as an entire social organisation.[7] While some socialists have been hostile to liberalism, accused of "providing an ideological cover for the depredation of capitalism", it has been pointed out that "the goals of liberalism are not so different from those of the socialists", although this similarity in goals has been described as being deceptive due to the different meanings liberalism and socialism give to liberty, equality and solidarity.[8]In a modern context, liberal socialism is sometimes used interchangeably with modern social liberalism[a] or social democracy.[9]
^Gaus & Kukathas 2004, p. 420.
^Rosselli 1994, p. 85–88.
^Pugliese 1999, p. 99.
^Thompson 2006, pp. 60–61
^Bastow & Martin 2003, p. 72.
^Miller 2003, pp. 213–238.
^Brilhante & Rocha 2010, pp. 17–27.
^Boyd & Harrison 2003, pp. 220–222; Anton & Schmitt 2012, pp. 3–4.
^ • Thomas Cate, ed. (2012). Keynes' General Theory: Seventy-Five Years Later. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 251. ISBN 978-1-78100-103-5. ... pacific transition to socialism, which led Hollander (2008) to call him the first revisionist. And, on different occasions, Keynes evoked a 'socialism of the future' which is sometimes called social-liberalism or liberal socialism. • Keith Clements, ed. (2015). The Moot Papers: Faith, Freedom and Society 1938-1944. A&C Black. p. 552. ISBN 978-0-567-19831-0. Hobhouse was a Liberal politician who argued for 'social liberalism' or 'liberal socialism', i.e. a qualified acceptance of government intervention in the economy. Tillich's green point of the impotence of the Idea apart from The Moot Papers ... • Fred Dallmayr, ed. (2015). Freedom and Solidarity: Toward New Beginnings. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-8131-6579-0. Hence, the remedy for social ills envisaged by Dewey is a regime that might be called "liberal socialism" or "social liberalism," but preferably "social democracy"—that is, a regime where all members enjoy freedom in solidarity. • Pierre Pestieau, Mathieu Lefebvre, ed. (2018). The Welfare State in Europe: Economic and Social Perspectives. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-254906-8. ... and welfare programs, and liberal socialism, or social democracy, that supports economic interventions to promote social justice within the framework of a capitalist economy. • James Crotty, ed. (2019). The Welfare State in Europe: Economic and Social Perspectives. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-87705-6. Liberal Socialism was Keynes's particular version of social democracy.
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Liberalsocialism is a political philosophy that incorporates liberal principles to socialism. This synthesis sees liberalism as the political theory...
the founders of what would later be labelled utopian socialism. Socialism contrasted with the liberal doctrine of individualism that emphasized the moral...
socialist parties. Ethical socialism has some significant overlap with Christian socialism, Fabianism, guild socialism, liberalsocialism, social-democratic reformism...
within socialism that supports political and economic democracy and supports a gradualist, reformist and democratic approach towards achieving socialism, usually...
ownership is the common element shared by its various forms (excluding Liberalsocialism etc.) Socialists disagree about the degree to which social control...
this tendency, utopian socialism was also related to classical radicalism, a left-wing liberal ideology. The term "utopian socialism" was used by socialist...
globalizationism Liberal progressivism Liberalsocialism Ethical socialismLiberal transhumanism Liberal welfarism Liberal radicalism Liberal republicanism...
in the 1950s and subsequently on the party's liberal wing. Anthony Crosland wrote The Future of Socialism (1956) as a personal manifesto arguing for a...
and socialism; liberalism then faced major ideological challenges from fascism and Marxism–Leninism as new opponents. During the 20th century, liberal ideas...
production. Proponents of early market socialism include the Ricardian socialist economists, the classical liberal philosopher John Stuart Mill and the...
creating a welfare state, which they called state socialism. The main differences between the left-liberal parties were: The national ambitions. The different...
a socioeconomic model associated with France Folkhemmet Liberalsocialism Market socialism Nefco Polder model Rehn–Meidner model Rhenish model, a socioeconomic...
Socialism has been mentioned in several liberal democratic constitutions. It is referenced either in the form of denunciation (as is the case in the Croatian...
The history of socialism has its origins in the Age of Enlightenment and the 1789 French Revolution along with the changes that it brought, although it...
to these precepts may be described as a liberal economy or operating under liberal capitalism. Economic liberals commonly adhere to a political and economic...
parties. With the expansion of liberal democracy and universal suffrage during the 20th century, democratic socialism became a mainstream movement which...
purpose is to advance the principles of social democracy and democratic socialism via gradualist and reformist effort in democracies, rather than by revolutionary...
Marxism Philosophy Socialism Places: Europe Soviet UnionWestern (1 July 2017). "Monthly Review | Bertrand Russell and the Socialism That Wasn't". Monthly...
Liberal internationalism is a foreign policy doctrine that supports international institutions, open markets, cooperative security and liberal democracy...
theory of reformist, non-Marxist socialism inspired by the British Labour movement that he described as "liberalsocialism". Rosselli founded the anti-fascist...
Labour Party, Socialism and Liberty Party Canada: Liberal Party of Canada (factions), New Democratic Party Chile: Social Convergence, Liberal Party of Chile...
ISBN 9783319774282. Friedrich Naumann was regarded as a classical liberal while also promoting National Socialism P. G. C. van Schie; Gerrit Voermann (2006). The Dividing...
different and distinct from liberal capitalism with its unswerving belief in the merits of the free market and democratic socialism with its demand management...
reformist socialists and social democrats for gradually transitioning to socialism. In this context, the goals of nationalization were to dispossess large...
Liberal democracy, Western-style democracy, or substantive democracy is a form of government that combines the organization of a representative democracy...
Liberal conservatism is a political ideology combining conservative policies with liberal stances, especially on economic issues but also on social and...
Socialism in the United Kingdom is thought to stretch back to the 19th century from roots arising in the aftermath of the English Civil War. Notions of...