Deliberate effort to influence languages or their varieties within a speech community
This article is about the field of language planning and policy. For details on the creation of planned or artificial languages, see Constructed language. For applied computational linguistics, see language engineering.
Sociolinguistics
Key concepts
Code-switching
Language change
Language ideology
Language planning
Multilingualism
Prestige
Variation
Areas of study
Accent
Bilingual pun
Dialect
Diglossia
Homophonic translation
Macaronic language
Phono-semantic matching
Register
Discourse analysis
Language varieties
Linguistic description
Loanword
Pragmatics
Pidgin
Soramimi
People
Sociolinguists
Related fields
Applied linguistics
Historical linguistics
Linguistic anthropology
Sociocultural linguistics
Sociology of language
Category
Linguistics portal
v
t
e
In sociolinguistics, language planning (also known as language engineering) is a deliberate effort to influence the function, structure or acquisition of languages or language varieties within a speech community.[1] Robert L. Cooper (1989) defines language planning as "the activity of preparing a normative orthography, grammar, and dictionary for the guidance of writers and speakers in a non-homogeneous speech community" (p. 8[2]). Along with language ideology and language practices, language planning is part of language policy – a typology drawn from Bernard Spolsky's[3] theory of language policy. According to Spolsky, language management is a more precise term than language planning. Language management is defined as "the explicit and observable effort by someone or some group that has or claims authority over the participants in the domain to modify their practices or beliefs" (p. 4)[4] Language planning is often associated with government planning, but is also used by a variety of non-governmental organizations such as grass-roots organizations as well as individuals. Goals of such planning vary. Better communication through assimilation of a single dominant language can bring economic benefits to minorities but is also perceived to facilitate their political domination.[5] It involves the establishment of language regulators, such as formal or informal agencies, committees, societies or academies to design or develop new structures to meet contemporary needs.[6]
^Kaplan B., Robert, and Richard B. Baldauf Jr. Language Planning from Practice to Theory. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters ltd., 1997
^Cooper, Robert (1989). Language planning and social change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 30. ISBN 9780521333597.
^"Spolsky Bernard". Department of English Literature and Linguistics. Bar Ilan University.
^Spolsky, Bernard (2009). Language Management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
^Cobarrubias, Juan. "Ethical Issues in Status Planning." Progress in Language Planning: International Perspectives. Eds. Juan Cobarrubias and Joshua Fishman. New York: Mouton Publishers, 1983.
^Language: An Introduction, Lehmann, W.P., 1983, Random House
to modify their practices or beliefs" (p. 4) Languageplanning is often associated with government planning, but is also used by a variety of non-governmental...
intervention and are thus of a form of languageplanning. There are many possible reasons to create a constructed language, such as to ease human communication...
The Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) is an attempt to standardize Artificial Intelligence (AI) planninglanguages. It was first developed by...
Singapore, languageplanning is associated with government planning. In this top-down approach, the government influences the acquisition of languages and their...
Automated planning and scheduling, sometimes denoted as simply AI planning, is a branch of artificial intelligence that concerns the realization of strategies...
Directorate of LanguagePlanning and Implementation (DLPI) is a directorate of the Government of Manipur in charge of the languageplanning and the implementation...
nation's official language, this institute focuses on the linguistics of the Persian language and on the internal aspects of LanguagePlanning, rather than...
ISBN 1-56518-225-1 Kaplan, Robert B.; Baldauf, Richard B. Jr. (2003), Language and Language-in-Education Planning in the Pacific Basin, Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer...
for Ladin LanguagePlanning as a common communication tool across the whole Ladin-speaking region. Ladin is recognized as a minority language in 54 Italian...
Planning is the process of thinking regarding the activities required to achieve a desired goal. Planning is based on foresight, the fundamental capacity...
Language Problems and LanguagePlanning is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by John Benjamins Publishing Company in cooperation with the Center...
schematic plannedlanguages, though because of grammatical simplification considerably easier than for ethnic languages of the same type. Languageplanning...
Kaufman (1988), p. 256. Kaplan, R. B.; Baldauf, R. B. "LanguagePlanning & Policy: LanguagePlanning and Policy in Africa: Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique and...
Mohamed "Language-in-Education Planning in Algeria: Historical Development and Current Issues", p. 232 Benrabah, Mohamed "Language-in-Education Planning in...
Meitei language (officially called Manipuri language) and the Meitei script (Manipuri script) in Manipur. The Department of LanguagePlanning and Implementation...
Germanic language, spoken by about 25 million people as a first language and 5 million as a second language and is the third most spoken Germanic language. In...
designed international auxiliary languages. Interlinguistics International Language Review Language education Languageplanning Lingua franca Living Latin Pidgin...
Stavroula; Kappler, Matthias (2011). "Language policy and languageplanning in Cyprus". Current Issues in LanguagePlanning. 12 (4). Routledge: 508. doi:10...
Riga Planning Region. Originally Latgalians were a tribe living in modern Vidzeme and Latgale. It is thought that they spoke the Latvian language, which...
462–487, 1899 [1897] G. G. Patthey-Chavez (1994). Language Policy and Planning in Mexico: Indigenous Language Policy. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics...
The languages of Taiwan consist of several varieties of languages under the families of Austronesian languages and Sino-Tibetan languages. The Formosan...
Pakistani languages. In 2015, it was announced that there were plans to promote Urdu in official business, but Pakistan's Minister of Planning Ahsan Iqbal...
government language policy Proposals for an English Academy Language policy Language revival Languageplanning Linguistic purism Languages in censuses...
ISBN 978-1315394299. Rhee, M. J. (1992). "Languageplanning in Korea under the Japanese colonial administration, 1910–1945". Language, Culture and Curriculum. 5 (2):...
occasionally through languageplanning). In some countries, such as Sri Lanka and Tanzania, each school for the deaf may have a separate language, known only to...
linguistics, language death occurs when a language loses its last native speaker. By extension, language extinction is when the language is no longer...