Changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership
"Land Question" redirects here. For the "land question" in Ireland, see Land Acts (Ireland).
See also: Land reforms by country
Farmers protesting for land reform in Indonesia, 2004
Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership.[1] Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural land. Land reform can, therefore, refer to transfer of ownership from the more powerful to the less powerful, such as from a relatively small number of wealthy or noble owners with extensive land holdings (e.g., plantations, large ranches, or agribusiness plots) to individual ownership by those who work the land.[2] Such transfers of ownership may be with or without compensation; compensation may vary from token amounts to the full value of the land.[3]
Land reform may also entail the transfer of land from individual ownership—even peasant ownership in smallholdings—to government-owned collective farms; it has also, in other times and places, referred to the exact opposite: division of government-owned collective farms into smallholdings.[4] The common characteristic of all land reforms, however, is modification or replacement of existing institutional arrangements governing possession and use of land. Thus, while land reform may be radical in nature, such as through large-scale transfers of land from one group to another, it can also be less dramatic, such as regulatory reforms aimed at improving land administration.[5]
Nonetheless, any revision or reform of a country's land laws can still be an intensely political process, as reforming land policies serves to change relationships within and between communities, as well as between communities and the state. Thus even small-scale land reforms and legal modifications may be subject to intense debate or conflict.[6]
^Batty, Fodei Joseph. "Pressures from Above, Below and Both Directions: The Politics of Land Reform in South Africa, Brazil and Zimbabwe". Western Michigan University. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association. Chicago, Illinois. April 7–10, 2005. p. 3. [1]
^Borras, Saturnino M. Jr. "The Philippine Land form in Comparative Perspective: Some conceptual and Methodological Implications". Journal of Agrarian Change. 6,1 (January 2006): 69–101.
^Adams, Martin and J. Howell. "Redistributive Land Reform in Southern Africa". Overseas Development Institute. DFID. Natural Resources Perspectives No. 64. January 2001. [2] Archived 2009-12-05 at the Wayback Machine
^Adams, Martin and J. Howell. "Redistributive Land Reform in Southern Africa". Archived 2009-12-05 at the Wayback Machine Overseas Development Institute. DFID. Natural Resources Perspectives No. 64. January 2001.
^Ghana's Land Administration Project Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine
^Lund, Christian. Local Politics and the Dynamics of Property in Africa. Cambridge University Press: New York. 2008.
Landreform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Landreform may consist of a...
The LandReform Movement, also known by the Chinese abbreviation Tǔgǎi (土改), was a mass movement led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leader Mao Zedong...
Landreform in Zimbabwe officially began in 1980 with the signing of the Lancaster House Agreement, to reverse the distribution of land that resulted...
Landreform in the Philippines has long been a contentious issue rooted in the Philippines's Spanish Colonial Period. Some efforts began during the American...
Landreform refers to efforts to reform the ownership and regulation of land in India. Or, those lands which are redistributed by the government from landholders...
The Agricultural LandReform Code, officially designated as Republic Act No. 3844, was an advancement of landreform in the Philippines that was enacted...
Agrarian reform and landreform have been a recurring theme of enormous consequence in world history. They are often highly political and have been achieved...
Landreform in South Africa is the promise of "land restitution" to empower farm workers (who now have the opportunity to become farmers) and reduce inequality...
The post-revolution Egyptian landreform was an effort to change land ownership practices in Egypt following the 1952 Revolution launched by Gamal Abdel...
LandReform Ordinance may refer to: Kerala State, India, a 1957 proposed act, and a number of subsequent acts in Landreform in Kerala LandReform (Scotland)...
Landreform in Vietnam began in the political turmoil following World War II in which a civil war pitted the communist Viet Minh against the French colonists...
an end to conflicts regarding land ownership. The agrarian reform is part of the long history of attempts of landreform in the Philippines. The law was...
Iranian LandReform was a major landreform in Iran and one of the main concerns of the White Revolution of 1963. It was a significant part of the reform program...
Landreform in Scotland is the ongoing process by which the ownership of land, its distribution and the law which governs it is modified, reformed and...
The Chilean landreform (Spanish: Reforma agraria chilena) was a process of land ownership restructuring that occurred from 1962 to 1973 in different phases...
Four major landreforms have taken place in Romania: in 1864, 1921, 1945 and 1991. The first sought to undo the feudal structure that had persisted after...
land concentrated in the hands of a few individual landlords. Since independence, there has been voluntary and state initiated/mediated landreforms in...
1949, the government enacted a series of landreforms on the island throughout the 1950s and 1960s. The reforms occurred in three main successive stages...
of landreform in Ethiopia has hampered that country's economic development throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries. Attempts to modernize land ownership...
Landreform in South Vietnam refers to reforms proposed by the United States and implemented by South Vietnam. Seeking to undermine the popularity of the...
There have been several landreforms in Germany, also known by the German term Bodenreform. In 1763, Frederick II of Prussia abolished serfdom on all Crown...
had resulted in the return of land to many of those harmed by the landreform. The ultimate objective of the landreform program of the Democratic Republic...
Agrarian reform can refer either, narrowly, to government-initiated or government-backed redistribution of agricultural land (see landreform) or, broadly...
Landreform is an important political and economic topic in Namibia. It consists of two different strategies: resettlement, and transfer of commercially...
land to some freed families, in plots of land no larger than 40 acres (16 ha). Sherman later ordered the army to lend mules for the agrarian reform effort...
LandReform in Developing Countries: Property Rights and Property Wrongs is a 2009 book by the Leontief Prize–winning economist Michael Lipton. It is...
Two major landreforms were attempted at ancient Athens in the 6th century BC. Already in the 8th century BC, Hesiod referred to land shortage related...
Global Information