Type of legislative measure adopted by the United States Congress
In the United States Congress, a joint resolution is a legislative measure that requires passage by the Senate and the House of Representatives and is presented to the president for their approval or disapproval. Generally, there is no legal difference between a joint resolution and a bill. Both must be passed, in exactly the same form, by both chambers of Congress, and signed by the President (or, re-passed in override of a presidential veto; or, remain unsigned for ten days while Congress is in session) to become a law. Only joint resolutions may be used to propose amendments to the United States Constitution, and these do not require the approval of the President.[1] Laws enacted by joint resolutions are not distinguished from laws enacted by bills, except that they are designated as resolutions as opposed to Acts of Congress (see for example War Powers Resolution).
While either a bill or joint resolution can be used to create a law, the two generally have different purposes. Bills are generally used to add, repeal, or amend laws codified in the United States Code or Statutes at Large, and provide policy and program authorizations. Regular annual appropriations are enacted through bills. Conversely, joint resolutions generally are vehicles for purposes such as:[2]
Authorizing small appropriations
For continuing resolutions, which extend appropriation levels adopted in a prior fiscal year, when one or more of the annual appropriations acts have been temporarily delayed from becoming law on time
Creating temporary commissions or other ad hoc bodies (e.g., the 9/11 Commission)
Creating temporary exceptions to existing law, such as joint resolutions providing a day for counting electoral votes or providing for a Saxbe fix reducing the pay of an office so that a member of Congress may avoid the Ineligibility Clause
Declaring war
Repealing federal regulations issued by government agencies, through the Congressional Review Act
Terminating national emergency declarations[3]
Amending the Constitution of the United States
^"Legislation, Laws, and Acts". United States Senate. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
^Beth, Richard S. (2010-12-02) [Original date 2004-12-07]. Bills and Resolutions: Examples of How Each Kind Is Used (Report). Congressional Research Service.
^"50 US Code Chapter 34". Cornell University. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
In the United States Congress, a jointresolution is a legislative measure that requires passage by the Senate and the House of Representatives and is...
Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002, informally known as the Iraq Resolution, is a jointresolution passed by the United States Congress...
JointResolution for Annexing Texas to the United States Texas from Independence to Annexation. Avalon Project at Yale Law School. JointResolution for...
consent of the U.S. Congress. The resolution was adopted in the form of a United States congressional jointresolution. It provides that the president can...
for a unicameral legislature, contrary to the originally proposed JointResolution No. 10. Movements for federalism further intensified from when the...
Representatives passed JointResolution 148 designating 24 April as a National Day of Remembrance of Man's Inhumanity to Man. The Resolution commemorated the...
by simple majorities in each house, and President Carter signed, a jointresolution that extended the ratification deadline to June 30, 1982. However,...
Tonkin Resolution or the Southeast Asia Resolution, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 88–408, 78 Stat. 384, enacted August 10, 1964, was a joint resolution...
Public Law 103-150, informally known as the Apology Resolution, is a JointResolution of the U.S. Congress adopted in 1993 that "acknowledges that the...
Jointresolutions - There is little practical difference between a bill and a jointresolution since both are treated similarly; a jointresolution originating...
House JointResolution 540; this resolution as well as Senate JointResolution 72 did not pass. Ultimately, though, Rep. Horton's House JointResolution 1007...
Pearl Harbor and subsequent declaration of war the prior day. The JointResolution Declaring that a state of war exists between the Imperial Government...
States) 102–1) or JointResolution to authorize the use of United States Armed Forces pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 678 (official...
The Newlands Resolution, 30 Stat. 750, was a jointresolution passed on July 7, 1898, by the United States Congress to annex the independent Republic of...
one jointresolution in a specified form raising the debt limit. After the majority leader introduced such a jointresolution, the jointresolution would...
Constitutional Convention. A fourth method, by both houses passing a joint concurrent resolution with a supermajority of at least 75%, has been proposed by House...
The Teller Amendment was an amendment to a jointresolution of the United States Congress, enacted on April 20, 1898, in reply to President William McKinley's...
"Approved" and added his signature to the jointresolution on February 1, 1865. On February 7, Congress passed a resolution affirming that the Presidential signature...
Public Law (United States) 107–40 (text) (PDF), 115 Stat. 224) is a jointresolution of the United States Congress which became law on September 18, 2001...
one vote on June 27, 2006. Senator Steve Daines (R-MT) introduced a jointresolution to make it an unconstitutional ban on flag burning on June 14, 2019...
adopted a draft JointResolution on 12 March 1956, on the preparation and testing of izdeliye 202, which read: Adopt a draft resolution of the CPSU Central...
States Constitution, Article I requires each bill and jointresolution (except jointresolutions proposing a constitutional amendment) approved by the...
Archived January 15, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, House JointResolution No. 12, A jointresolution adopted by the Legislature of the State of Alabama relative...
1845, the jointresolution that Tyler, the lame-duck president, had strongly lobbied for, passed Congress. The House approved a jointresolution offering...
The Formosa Resolution of 1955 was a jointresolution passed by the U.S. Senate and signed by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower on January 29, 1955...
however, the House returned to and approved Corwin's version—House (Joint) Resolution No. 80—by a vote of 133 to 65, just barely above the two-thirds threshold...
Summaries for Jointresolution to designate April 24, 1975, as National Day of Remembrance of Man's Inhumanity to Man. U.S. House JointResolution 148, 94th...